Chittorgarh

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Chittorgarh District

Chittorgarh is a historical town and district place in Rajasthan. It was founded by Jatri gotra Jats. It was previously known as Jittor. Al-biruni has mentioned about this town as Jittor.[1]

Contents

Antiquity of Chittorgarh

The ancient inscriptions in the Pali Buddhist character have been discovered in various parts of Rajasthan of the race of Taxak or Tak, relating to the tribe Mori and Parmara are their descendants. Taxak Mori was the lord of Chittor from very early period. [2][3]

The Huna Kingdom of Sialkot (of Mihir Kula 515-540 AD), destroyed by Yashodharman, was subsequently seized by a new dynasty of kshatriyas called Tak or Taxaka. The Taxak Mori as being lords of Chittor from very early period and few generations after the Guhilots supplanted the Moris, this palladium of Hindu liberty was assailed by the arms of Islam. (725-35) we find amongst the numerous defenders who appear to have considered the cause of Chittor their own the Tak from Asirgarh. This race appears to have retained possession of Asirgarh for at least two centuries after this event as its chieftain was one of the most conspicuous leaders in the array of Prithvi Raj. In the poems of Chandar he is called the "Standard, bearer, Tak of Asir." [4]

The antiquity of Chittorgarh is difficult to trace, but it's believed that Bhima, the legendary figure of the Mahabharata, visited this place to learn the secrets of immortality and became the disciple of a sage, but his impatience to perform all the rites deprived him of his goal, and out of sheer anger he stamped on the ground creating a water reservoir, this reservoir is called as BhimLat. Later on, it came under Mauryas or Mori Jats. There are different opinions as to when it came under the Mewar ruler, but it remained the capital of Mewar till 1568, when it was shifted to Udaipur. It's believed that Bappa Rawal the legendary founder of Sisodia clan, received Chittorgarh in the middle of 8th century, as a part of the dowry after marriage with lst Solanki princess, after that his descendants ruled Mewar which stretched from Gujrat to Ajmer, upto the 16th century. [5]

Jat History in Chittorgarh district

Nagri or Madhyamika nagari situated at a distance of 20Km from Chittor in Tehsil-Chittorgarh was One of the most important townships of the Mauryan era in Rajasthan, situated on the banks of river Bairach. It was formerly known as Madhyamika, which flourished from the Maurya to Gupta era. The excavations over here have unearthed many interesting facts and have showed signs of strong Hindu and Buddhist influence. The Shivis (शिवि) Jats ruled this area. The classical writers locate Shivis (Siboi) at the confluence of Beas and Chenab. [6] Later they migrated to Rajasthan in the area of Madhyamika near Chittor from their coins bearing the legend Shibi janapadas have been found. [7] The Shivis tribe is known by several variants-Shiva in the Rigveda as one of the tribes defeated by the Bharata king Sudas; Sivi in the Aitreya Brahmana (VIII.23.10), Mahabharata (II.48.13), Sibi in Mahabharata (II. 48.13) Sibi in Mahabhashya on Panini (IV.2.52) where as Shaiba or Shaibayah as vishaya has been mentioned. Classical writers call them Siboi (Diodous 3, XVIII, 96; Strabo XV,1; Curtius IX,41)[8]

At the time of invasion of India by Alexander the great, in 326 BCE, Sivis were found inhabiting area in the vicinity of Malava tribes. The Greek writers have mentioned them wearing clothes similar to wild people even during the war. After some time of Alexander's war, they probably moved to Rajasthan along with Malavas. Thus they are found moveing from Punjab to Malwa and from their to Rajasthan. Their are ruins of an ancient town called 'Tamva-vati nagari' 11 miles north of Chittor. Ancient coins of Shivi people are found near this town bearng 'Majhamikaya Shivajanapadas', which means coins of 'Shiva janapada of Madhyamika'. The 'Tamvavati nagari' was called as 'Madhyamika nagari'. These coins are of the period first to second century BCE. [9]

The rule of Gora Jats

In ancient times Gora Jats ruled in Ajmer-Merwara, Mewar, and Bundi-Sirohi areas in Rajasthan. G.H. Ojha, has brought to light the inscription on the temple of a goddess Bhawara Mata near Chhoti Sadri in Chittorgarh district, Rajasthan which was inscribed on Magha Sudi 10th , Samvat year 547 (491 AD), by Yashavapusha Gaur, Grandson of Rajayavardhana in memory of his parents. [10] [11]

Gaur is the name of a people in Brihat Samhita of Varahamihira. The Mahabharata mentions them under the name of Ghoraka, same as the later Ghori / Gauri [12]. It is the same name born by Mohammad Ghori. [11]

In Bhatt records they have been mentioned as Gor of Ajmer. The period of their inhabitance in this area was prior to the rule of Chauhans. [13]

Bhim Singh Dahiya in his book "Aryan Tribes and the Rig Veda" has mentioned that Gora is a Rigvedic clan. In Rigveda it has been written as Ghaura (1/36-43) that is present Jat clan Gora or Gaur or Gauri. [14]

Chhoti Sadri inscription

Gors have been mentioned in an inscription found in Bhavara Mata (भवर माता) temple on a hillock near village 'Chhoti Sadri' (छोटी सादड़ी) in the princely state of Udaipur. It is in Brahmi script and Sanskrit language. [15]Pandit Gairi Shankar Hirachand Ojha has written about the inscription of 'Chhoti Sadri' in an article published in Nagari pracharini-patrika, part 13, issue-1 under the title Gaur namak agyat kshatriya vansh - गौर नामक अज्ञात क्षत्रिय वंश. Some lines from that inscription are as under: [15]

तस्या प्रणम्य प्रकरोम्यह x x जस्त्रम
(कीर्तिशु) भां गुणा गणोघम (पींन्टपाणाम) (3)
x x कुलो (भद्) वव (ञ् श) गौरा
क्षात्रेप (दे) सतत दीक्षित x शौंडा ।
x x x
धान्य सोम इति क्षत्र गणस्य मध्ये (4)
... ... ...
x x किल राज्य जित प्रतापो
यो राज्यवर्द्धण (न) गुणै कृत नाम धेयः
x x x


जातः सुतो करि करायत दीर्घ बाहु ।
नाम्ना स राष्ट्र इति प्रोद्धत पुन्य (पय) कीर्ति (6)
सोयम यशो भरण भूषित सर्व गात्रः
प्रोत्फुल पद्मः ......तायत चारु नेत्रः ।
दक्षो दयालु रिह शासित शत्रु पक्षः ।
क्षमां शासति ....यश गुप्त इति क्षितीन्दुः (8)
तेनेयं भूतधात्री क्रतु मिरिहचिता (पूर्व) श्रंगेव भाति
प्रासादे रद्रि तुंगैः शशिकर वषुषैः स्थापितेः भूषिताद्य
नाना दानेन्दु शुभ्रैर्द्विजवर भवनैर्येन लक्ष्मीर्व्विभक्ता ।
x x x स्थित यश वषुशा श्री महाराज गौरः (11)
यातेषु पंचसु शतेष्वथ वत्सराणाम्
द्वे विंशतीसम धिकेषु स सप्तकेषु ।।
माघस्य शुक्ल दिवसे त्वगमत्प्रतिष्ठाम् ।
प्रोत्फुल्ल कुन्द धवलोज्वलिते दश म्याम् (13)


This inscription indicates that Maharaja Dhanya soma (धान्य सोम) was a popular king of Gor kshatriya clan. Rajyavardhan (राज्यवर्द्धण), Rashtra (राष्ट्र) and Yasha Gupta (यश गुप्त) rulers followed in succession. The inscription also reveals that the Gor kings had constructed goddess temple in memory of their ancestors on magha shukla 10 in samvat 547 (491 AD). The inscription proves the rule of Gor kings near 'Chhoti Sadadi' place in Rajasthan in 6th century. They were considered to be powerful till the rule of Maharana Raimal. [15]

Jat Dharmshalas

  • Shri Sanni Maharaj Jat Dharmshala Kapasan, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan
  • Jatla Mata Dharmshala Pandoli tehsil & district Chittorgarh, Rajasthan
  • Gajraja Jat Dharmshala Gagrar Chittorgarh
  • Marmi Mataji Jat Dharmshala tehsil Rashmi Chittorgarh, Rajasthan
  • Vigod Triveni Jat Dharmshala Chittorgarh, Rajasthan,
  • Shri Asavra Mata Jat Dharmshala, Village Asavra, Block Bhadesar, District- Chittorgarh
  • Shree Sameliya Mahadeo Jat Dharmshala, Sameliya Mahadeo, near village Lothiyana in Doongla block of Chittorgarh district

Jat Vikas Sanstha Chittorgarh

Jat Vikas Sanstha (जाट विकास संस्था चित्तोड़गढ़) is a registered organisation working for welfare of Jat people in Chittorgarh Rajasthan.

It has constructed a Hostel at District Headquarter of Chittorgarh along ith a Temple of Teja Ji. Currently there are 24 rooms and a huge meeting hall in the hostel. The organisation has a Governing Board; the members of this board are elected democratically among the members of the organisation.

Currently 48 Students studying in College and schools at Chittorgarh are staying in this hostel. The organisation also helps Zila Jat Mahasabha in organising Jat Sammelan in its campus every year on the occasion of Teja Dashami. This sammelan is attended by around 10 to 15 thousand people of our community.

Jat Gotras in Chittorgarh district

Ajoliya, Asiagh, Badak, Badwal, Baloda, Bamal, Bhanwarkia, Bhoori, Bhudiya, Bhukar Chhonkar, Chopra, Dabla, Dahiya, Dalawa, Dhaka, Dhiwan, Dudi, Dundi, Gahlot, Gandas, Golya, Gugarwal, Jakhar Jatri, Kang, Karesia, Karesia, Khedar, Lamba, Mor, Rai, Rana, Ranwa, Rathi, Sandiwal, Shivi, Siwal, Suradia Tevatia, Thakurela, Thakuri, Yaudheya, Dantuslia

Jat villages in Chittorgarh district

A

B

C

D

G

H

J

K

L

M

N

P

R

S

T

V

Places of Historical importance[16]

Barolo (140 Km-Tehsil-Rawatbhata) - The ruins of the famous temples of babaroli, near Rawatbhata. This town is worth visiting, because of the group of ancient temples situated here.

SANWARIYA JI TEMPLE (40 Km-Tehsil-Bhadesar) - The temple is dedicated to Lord Krishna, situated on the Chittaurgarh - Udaipur highway. This is not a very old structure and is an important Hindu pilgrimage centre.

MATRI KUNDIYA TEMPLE (45 Km-Tehsil-Rashmi) - Also famous as the "Haridwar of Mewar", the shrine is dedicated to Lord Shiva.

BHAINSORGARH WILDLIFE SANCTUARY - The sanctuary lies in the lush green environs of Bhainsrogarh, invaluable archaeological remains can also be seen here.

BIJAIPUR - The 350 year old castle built by Rao Shakti Singh, the youngest brother of Maharaja Pratap, is the major attraction. it has now been covered into a hotel.

SITAMATA SANCTUARY - The sanctuary is spread over the Aravali and Vindhyachal ranges and is the only forest where teak trees of building value are found. The thickly vegetated sanctuary has about 50% teak trees besided salar, tendu, amla, bamboo and bel etc. three rivers flow through the forest Jakham and Karmoi are the major ones. A huge dam has been constructed over the Jakham river for irrigation, and wild animals in the sanctuary. The sanctuary is also associated with mythological events it is believed that sita wife of Lord Rama stayed here during the period of her exile in the ashram of Saint Valmiki.

Deogarh (125 Km) - The 16th century fort near Pratapgarh, is famous for the palaces, their murals and Jain temple.

Menal (90 Km) This is also known as the "mini khajauraho", blessed with natures beauty, this picnic spot is situated on the Chittaur - Bundi raod, and is famous for the ancient temples, waterfalls and beautiful forests.

Gotmeshwar (130 Km - Tehsil-Arnod )- The place is famous for the ancient temple dedicated to Lord Shiva.

JOGNIYA MATA JI This temple of Goddess Yogini is said to be 300 years old

NATHDAWARA (SHRI NATH JI TEMPLE) Matrikundia 55km. from Chittorgarh is a holy place on the bank of Banas river. it is often called as Haridwar of Mewar region

Villages with PIN Codes in Chittorgarh

Akola Chittorgarh 312205 Ajoliya Ka Khera 312021 

  • Anuppura	312621

• Anushakti 323303 • Arnod 312615 • Bansi 312401 • Bari Sadri 312403 • Bari Sadri R S 312403 • Bassi Cor 312022 • Begun 312023 • Bhadesar 312602 • Bhadsaura 312024 • Bhensroadgarh 323304 • Bhupalsagar 312204 • Bijaipur 312026 • Binota 312614 • Bohera 312404 • Borao 312607 • Chhoti Sadri 312604 • Chhoti Sadri City 312604 • Chittorgarh 312021 • Chittorgarh Collectorate 312001 • Chittorgarh Gurukul 312001 • Chittorgarh H O 312001 • Chittorgarh Industrial Area 312001 • Chittorgarh Kumbhanagar 312001 • Chittorgarh Pratapnagar 312001 • Chittorgarh Rana 312001 • Chittorgarh Sadar Bazar 312001 • Chittorgarh Sainik School 312001 • Dalot 312619 • Dhamotar 312616 • Dholapani 312610 • Doongla 312402 • Gangrar 312901 • Gangrar R S 312902 • Gosunda 312201 • Kailash Nagar 312617 • Kanera 312606 • Kankarwa 312208 • Kapasan 312202 • Kapasan R S 312202 • Kapasan Town 312202 • Karunda 312608 • Lasdawan 312609 • Mangrol Chittorgarh 312620 • Nikumbh 312603 • Nimbahera 312601 • Nimbahera R S 312601 • Pahuna 312206 • Pratabgarh 312605 • Pratabgarh Kacheri 312605 • Pratabgarh Surajpole 312605 • Rani Khera 312611 • Rashmi 312203 • Rawat Bhata 323305 • Rawat Bhata Bazar 323305 • Salamgarh 312618 • Sanga Bazar 312001 • Sawa 312613 • Senthi 312025 • Shambhupura 312612 • Singhpur 312207 • Vikramnagar 323306 • Achalawada 312615 • Achalpur 312605 • Achnera 312615 • Adana 312203 • Akhepur 312605 • Akiya 312001 • Akola 312205 • Akola Kalan 312024 • Alod 312404 • Ambawali 312604 • Ambirama 312613 • Amlawad 312605 • Angona 312605 • Annuppura 312621 • Anoppura 312202 • Anwaleshwar 312605 • Anwalheda 312022 • Arned 312402 • Arni 312203 • Arnia Joshi 312620 • Arniapanth 312612 • Arnoda 312620 • Asawara 312002 • Asawata 312605 • Badolighata 312601 • Badolimadhosingh 312601 • Badoliya 323307 • Badwai 312402 • Badwal 312401 • Badwaskalan 312615 • Bagund 312024 • Bajranggarh 312605 • Balarada 312202 • Balkundikalan 312023 • Balvas 312901 • Bambori 312614 • Banakiyakalan 312207 • Bangreda 312601 • Bangreda Ghata 312601 • Bansen 312001 • Banslai 312613 • Barawarda 312616 • Bardia 312613 • Barilank 312605 • Barisadari 312403 • Barisagthali 312613 • Barotha 312605 • Baru 312207 • Basad 312605 • Basera 312601 • Bedma 312614 • Bhabhanagar 323307 • Bhagwanpura 312614 • Bhallundi 312002 • Bhalotha Ki Kheri 312206 • Bhanuja 312603 • Bhatoli Bagrian 312024 • Bhatoli Brahmnan 312403 • Bhatton Ka Bamniya 312202 • Bhawalia 312620 • Bhenshroadgarh 323304 • Bhichore 312022 • Bhimgarh 312203 • Bhopalnagar 312204 • Bhuwasia 312623 • Bijaipur Edso 312026 • Bilesari 312605 • Binayaka 312404 • Boheda 312404 • Bolon Ka Sanwata 312901 • Bood 312901 • Borav 323304 • Borikhera 312616 • Chakunda 312205 • Chandera 312613 • Chanderia 312021 • Chenchi 312023 • Chhoti Sadari 312604 • Chhotisadri City 312604 • Chikarada 312024 • Chiklad 312621 • Chiksi 312613 • Chittorgarh Fort 312001 • Chogawadi 312901 • Chorwadi 312205 • Chupna 312615 • Collectorate Chittorgarh Ndt 312001 • Dabda 312605 • Dalla (kishanpura) 312601 • Damakhera 312202 • Delwas 312404 • Deolia 312621 • Deopura 312023 • Deori 312001 • Dewad 312605 • Dhamana 312202 • Dhamancha 312023 • Dhamotore 312616 • Dhanet 312024 • Dhanet Kalan 312201 • Dheerji Ka Khera 312002 • Dhiknia 312616 • Dhulapani 312604 • Dindoli 312203 • Doria 312601 • Dowani 312202 • Dudhli Tanda 312616 • Dugar 312033 • Eklingpura 323307 • Gadola 312623 • Gagrol 312604 • Gandher 312605 • Ganeshpura 312604 • "gangrar R,s, Ndtso" 312901 • Gardana 312603 • Ghatiawali 312612 • Gomana 312604 • Gopalpura 312022 • Gotarsi 312605 • Gulana 312023 • Gyaspur 312621 • Harnathpur 312203 • Hathiyana 312202 • Hinglat 312615 • Hingoria 312207 • Idra 312026 • Industrial Area Chittorgarh 312021 • Jainagar 312023 • Jajli 312615 • Jaliya 312601 • Jalkheda 323307 • Jaloda Jagir 312614 • Jalodia 312604 • Jarkhana 312603 • Jashma 312203 • Jawada 1 312023 • Jawada Ii 312601 • Jawasia 312901 • Jeerawata 312613 • Jhansri 312605 • Jitiya 312207 • Jojron Ka Kheda 312901 • Jolar 312621 • Kachotiya 312605 • Kalyanpura 312605 • Kanad 312615 • Kanera Edso 312606 • Kangarh 312613 • Kannoj 312613 • Kanora 312623 • Kanthariya Chobe Ji Ka 312201 • Kanti 312901 • Kapasan Town Ndtso 312202 • Karjali 312205 • Karju 312403 • Karsana 312404 • Kashmore 312201 • Katunda 312023 • Keli 312601 • Kerwas 312605 • Kesunda 312604 • Kewalpura 312401 • Kharkhanda 312901 • Khatikhera 323307 • Kheranarsingh Mata 312616 • Kheri 312022 • Khermalia 312603 • Kherot 312605 • Kherpura 312022 • Kherudvala 312403 • Khodip 312614 • Khoria 312623 • Kiratpura 312403 • Kotri Kalan 312601 • Kotwal 312621 • Kulthana 312605 • Kunni 312605 • Kunthana 312024 • Kunwalia 312901 • Kutchery Partabgarh Ndtso 312605 • Lalgarh 312615 • Langach 312207 • Lasadiaya Kalan 312206 • Lasdawn 312601 • Laxmipura 312403 • Leswa 312024 • Lothiyana 312024 • Madhura Talab 312616 • Magroda 312623 • Maharaaj Ki Netawal 312207 • Mahuda 312401 • Mandawara 312605 • Mandesara 323306 • Mandfiya 312024 • Mandkalan 312621 • Mandla Charan 312614 • Mangalwar 312024 • Mangrol 312620 • Manohar Garh 312605 •Manpura Jagir 312403 • Marjivi 312601 • Marni 312203 • Meghniwas 323304 • Melana 312601 • Meriyakhedi 312616 • Metawal Garh Pachholi 312001 • Mishron Ki Pipli 312201 • Mohana 323307 • Moheda 312615 • Morwan 312024 • Mota Dhamaniya 312605 • Motikhedi 312605 • Mowai 312615 • Mungana 312204 • Munjwa 312403 • Murla 312205 • Muroli 312203 • Nadakhera 312024 • Nagawali 312024 • Nagdi 312615 • Nagri 312022 • Nakor 312621 • Nandwai 312023 • Nannana 312614 • Napania 312024 • Napawali 312603 • Narani 312604 • Narayankheda 312616 • Narela 312207 • Nevaria 312206 • Nilod 312205 • Nimbahera R-s- Ndtso 312601 • Ninor 312613 • Ochhari 312001 • Odund 312201 • Pachunda 312023 • Pal 312621 • Palasia 312204 • Palka 312022 • Palod 312402 • Pandawa 312621 • Pandoli S T 312202 • Pandolimataji Ki 312201 • Panmodi 312623 • Pari 312204 • Parliya 312605 • Parsoli 312403 • Partabgarh 312605 • Pateliya 312605 • Patoliya 312205 • Peelikheda 312604 • Peend 312603 • Phalodara 312404 • Piloo 312623 • Pipalwas 312001 • Pirana 312402 • Pithalwadikalan 312604 • Potlajagir 312602 • Punawali 312603 • Putholi 312021 • Raghunathpura 312901 • Raipur 312613 • Raipurjangal 312613 • Raita 312023 • Rajgarh 312022 • Rajpura 323306 • Ranasanga Bazar Chittorgarh 312001 • Ranikhera 312601 • Ratanpuria 312605 • Rathajana S-o- 312623 • Ratichandjikakhera 312403 • Rawarda 312023 • Rawatbhatta Bazar Tso 323305 • Rawatpura 312402 • Rewara 312206 • Rewlia Khurd 312201 • Richawara 312605 • Rolahera 312021 • Rolia 312202 • Rood 312901 • Sadalkhera 312603 • Sadarbazar Chittorgarh 312001 • Sadas 312901 • Sadi 312022 • Sagathali Thana 312615 • Sainik School 312021 • Sakriya 312623 • Salamgarh Edso 312618 • Samari 312612 • Samaria Khurd 312023 • Sangesara 312024 • Sangria 312404 • Sankhali 312001 • Sarsi 312601 • Satkhanda 312612 • Satola 312403 • Satpura 312201 • Sehnwa 312001 • Selarpura Kalan 312605 • Semalpura 312001 • Semarthali 312604 • Semlia 312001 • Semlia Peela Khera 312402 • Semnop 312623 • Senthi Tso 312001 • Sewna 312613 • Shabhupura 312612 • Sidhpura 312616 • Sihana 312206 • Siyakhedi 312604 • Sonagar 312022 • Soniyana 312901 • Sripura 323304 • Subi 312604 • Sudri 312901 • Suhagpura 312605 • Sukhwara 312613 • Surajpole Partabgarh Tso 312605 • Suwania 312901 • Tambolia 323304 • Tana 312205 • Teela 312616 • Thada 312623 • Thukrai 312337 • Tumbadia 312901 • Uchnarkhurd 312202 • Udpura 312620 • Umand 312205 • Unkliya 312620 • Untakheda 312616 • Unthel 312613 • Usrol 312204 • Varmandal 312605 • Veerawali 312615 • Veerpur 312605 • Vikramgarh 323306 [17]

Reference

  1. ↑ Jat Samaj, Agra : March 1999
  2. ↑ James Tod, Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, p.126
  3. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas – The Ancient Rulers of India, Their Origins and History (The History of the Indigenous people of India Vol. 2), Published by Originals (an imprint of Low Price Publications), Delhi, 2002, ISBN 81-7536-287-1, p.171
  4. ↑ Dr Naval Viyogi: Nagas – The Ancient Rulers of India, Their Origins and History (The History of the Indigenous people of India Vol. 2), Published by Originals (an imprint of Low Price Publications), Delhi, 2002, ISBN 81-7536-287-1, p.148
  5. ↑ http://chittorgarh.nic.in/history2.html
  6. ↑ K.P.Jayaswal, Hindu Rajtantra (Hindi translation of his Hindu polity) Khanda I, Prakarana 5, 4th ed. Varansi 1977
  7. ↑ Maheswari Prasad, Jats in Ancient India, Jats, I, Ed. Dr Vir Singh, 2004, p. 22
  8. ↑ Maheswari Prasad, Jats in Ancient India, Jats, I, Ed. Dr Vir Singh, 2004, p. 28, f.n. 5
  9. ↑ Thakur Deshraj, Jat Itihas (Hindi), Maharaja Suraj Mal Smarak Shiksha Sansthan, Delhi, 1934, 2nd edition 1992 p. 161
  10. ↑ Nagari Pracharini Patrika, Vol. XIII, pt. I
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Bhim Singh Dahiya, Jats the Ancient Rulers ( A clan study), 1980, Sterling Publishers New Delhi, p. 281
  12. ↑ Mahabharata II, 1870
  13. ↑ James Todd: Annals and antiquities of Rajasthan
  14. ↑ Bhim Singh Dahiya: "Aryan Tribes and the Rig Veda"
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Thakur Deshraj, Jat Itihas (Hindi), Maharaja Suraj Mal Smarak Shiksha Sansthan, Delhi, 1934, 2nd edition 1992, Page-591
  16. ↑ http://chittorgarh.nic.in/near.html
  17. ↑ http://www.whereincity.com/india/pincode/rajasthan/chittorgarh.htm

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