Nadana Jodhan

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Location of Ghanerao in Pali District

Nadana Jodhan (नँदाणा) is a village in Desuri Tahsil of Pali district in Rajasthan.

Location

Modern Nandana about three miles from Bhagwanpura Station in Desuri tahsil, district Pali on the Western Railway, which passes through Gujrat and Rajasthan.

History

Nanana Cooper-plate of Asaraja (v.1173), Ratnapala, Sahanapala (v.1192) and Alhana (v. 1205)

Ojha Grant-3 Appendix-G (iii) of Dasharatha Sharma:Early Chauhan Dynasties, pp.205
Sanskrit Text
1. विलासिनी प[द्मा]वती सुता-वीजलाया अपराभि: समं षोडशं [प] दं तथा प्रदत्तम । वंशिकल्हौडियाकस्त्रिपुरुषाणां...प्रदत्त: । मेहरी सी-
2. निकाया: वश प्रति देवकीय[।] दानमध्यात गोधूमानां द्रोणा: पंच नंदानाग्रामीयभोगात दातव्या: । गणिका गोछिणी सुताया:...
3. नं अपराभि: सप्तदशं...पदं प्रदत्तम । तथा अत्रैव भीटलवाड़ा-ग्राम: श्रीचंदलेश्वरदेवा[र्थं] त्रिपुरुषाणां प्रदत्त: ॥
4. अस्माद ग्रामादुत्प[त्ति]स्त्रीपुरुषाणां...सत्कवारिकै: समादाय स्वीयादानस्यैकत्वं च विधाय श्री चंदलेश्वरीय-विलासिनीनां विधा-
5. य भक्तकादिकं अपरमपि यत्किंचिद्देवस्य क्रियते भट्टारक-पुर:सरं [वा]रि[कै:] स्त्रिपुरुषाणां ।स्वकीयादानेन च कारयितव्यस् त्रिपुरुषाणाम् चतुर्थं
6. स्‍थायी भट्टारकेण वारिकैश्‍च सर्वदा दृ (द्र) ष्‍टव्‍य: ।। तथा श्री चंदलेश्‍वर-पूजनार्थं ‍‍‍त्रिपुरूषाणां सत्‍कमठपते: देव-नंदितग्रामें व खट्टकनामा
7. अरघट्टस्‍त्र पति-श्रीपाल-सम‍न्-वित: प्रदत्‍त: स्‍थायी भट्टारकेण ।।
अत्र मेहरी विगडा-सीतडी-प्रेमली-रतना-श्रीयादेवी-आसदेवी ।
सू (ल?)वाल जसरा । पा‍णविक श्रीपाल (दो) ।
8. यरक-वडियाक: । मार्दंगिक महीपतियाक: वांशिक गोविन्‍द-सुत-रिसिया [क:] भिंटलवाडा-ग्रामीय अरघट्टे कुमरद्रोणानां मध्‍यादादाय द्रो5 प्रदातव्‍या:
9. श्री जसोघवलेन आहुमले शतपत्रभार: 1 शतमेकं 100 प्रदत्‍तं । संवत 1173 कार्तिक वदि त्रि[तृ] तीयायां महाराजाघिराज श्री आसरा-
10. जेन क...लोलियमठस्‍य प्रदत्‍ता: ।। महाराज्ञी-श्रीचंदलादेव्‍या श्री चंदलेश्‍वरमध्‍यकारितगो (गौ) र्या राजकुलेन प्रतिपादितपत्रा-
11. णां शतं 1 शतमेकं गुंदकर्वायतवढातामोत्‍तामोवहंगत । टुलिया ।
ठहलहरा वालहरा । वीसल । वास‍लादि षड्भि: जनै: सर्वदा वर्ष प्रति द्रम्‍मा-
12. णां शतं 1 शतमेकं ।। ददद्भिरंकितो द्र 100 तत्‍पत्रगोघूमानां ‍त्रि(तृ)तीय-
भागं वर्मभिरदातुकामै: कर्तव्‍य:।। अन्‍यदा संवत् 1171 पौष बदि 10 दश-
13. म्‍यां महाराजाघिराज श्रीआसराजेन महरि सो[मि]काया गृहनिरीक्षणा यागतेनास्‍य पिच्‍छवल्‍लीग्राम स्‍वसीमा-
14. पर्यंतो ज्ञातमर्याद: प्रसादीकृतोस्‍या वुं(भुं) जयन्‍त्‍या: भुंजापयन्‍त्‍या: केनापि क्षितिक्षितिधरकालं यावत् परिपंथना न कार्या ।।
15. अरपमग्रे मेहरी सोभिकाया: दीयमान-कुमर-द्रोणीय गोधूता (मा) नां पञ्चद्रोणी यावदेषां ग्रामं भुंजयति तावत् त्रिपुरूषैर-
16. र्भोक्‍तव्‍या:। अथ कदाचिद्-विधिवशाद् ग्राममेनं कोपि न पालयति तदा भूयोपि युज्‍यमाना कुमरद्रोणा महरिणा भोक्‍ताव्‍या: ।।
17. उपरिशासनमध्‍ये खर्वादायसहित: साSलयी ग्रामो मठस्‍थायत: कृतस्‍तन्‍मध्‍यात् द्वौ भागो मठस्‍य तृतीयांशस्‍‍‍‍त्रिपुरूषाणां प्रदत्‍तो अनया स्थित्‍या-
18. भट्टारकेण वर्तनीयम् ।। पुर्नमहाराजाघिराज-श्री-रत्‍नपालेन नोरियाक: सकुटुम्‍ब: प्रदत्‍त श्री नड्डूलीयमंडपिकायां श्री आहव-
19. म[ल्‍ले]न मांस प्रति द्रो 6षट् आदातव्‍या अमीषां परिपंथना क्‍वा‍पि न कार्या ।। सम्‍वत् 1192 कार्तिक वदि 5 शनावद्येह श्री-न
20. डूले महाराजपु‍‍‍त्र कुँवर श्री साहणपालदेव: शासनं प्रयच्छति यथा ।। अग्रे नंदानाग्रामे वसमान-कुटिम्‍बक सोहिय आसा [चौ] स पु‍‍‍त्रपो‍‍‍त्रादिको यावतजीजौ तावत् शासनस्थित्‍या श्री ‍‍‍‍त्रिपुरूषदेवाय प्रद-
21. त्तौ केनापि न लोपनीय: श्री ‍‍‍त्रिपुरूषीयरथ: श्री पद्यलेश्‍वर-साहण-पालेश्‍वर-सहजपालेश्‍वरादिदेवानां साध्‍य: सर्वदा ।।
22. सवंत् 1205 भाद्र वदि शुद्रे(क्रे) महाराज-श्री आल्‍हणदेवेन प्राक् नंदानाग्रामीय-कुंटुकीकौ ।। मदनपाल । महणसीहा: । अद्यैवश्रीतृ (‍‍‍‍‍त्रि) पुरूषाणां शासनेन ।
23. दत्‍ता: केनापि कदाचिद् न लोपनीया: । तथानेन सालैपत्रा...सिंदासुता: प्रदत्‍ता: । तथा गोस्‍थलोभौ सडेन प्रदत्‍तो । केनापि न लोपनीयं इति ।।

The Nanana grant of Alhana, A Feudatory of Kumarapala Chaulukya V. 1219 and 1220

Sanskrit Text:Plate 1
1. [ओ संवत्] 1219... वर्षेषु एकोनविंशत्‍यघिकेषु च पौषवदि 3 सोमे अ।
2. द्येह श्रीमदणहिल [पाटके । महाराजाघिराजस्‍य जितशाकंभरीपते:] श्रीमत्‍कुमारपालस्‍य रामराज्‍ये ज-
3. ...|| श्री यशोधवल... श्रीकरणमुद्रेव स्‍वामिघर्म्‍मार्थकारिणि प्रसादा-
4. (द्भू) भुजो मुख्‍यश्रीमदल्‍हणभूपते: सर्वभूभागे भुज्‍यमानक्रमागते|| जाते एवं विधे काले शासनं
5. लिख्‍यते यथा || कृत्‍वा शासन... पूर्वजवर्णनं || क्षोणीमंडनचाहमान विमले वंशे विशालाचले
6. श्रीमल्‍लक्ष्‍मणनामभूपति [रभू] त्‍संग्रामरामोपम: || तत्‍पुत्रोथ बभूव सोहि...। नडडूले
7. बलिराजभूपतिरतो जातो महीन्‍द्रो नृप || सँजातोथ महीपतिरण-हिल: [श्रीमान्‍महीन्‍द्रा]त्‍मजो हत्‍वा येन न-
8. रेन्‍द्रवृन्‍दमखिलं... | यद्द्वारे रिपुसुन्‍दरीनिजघव [प्रघ्‍वंसभीतासदा... नयनांबुना प्रति-
9. दिनं तिष्‍ठन्ति तेज... | यो बहुभूपदर्प्पदलनप्रोद्र्भूतभूपार्ज्‍जकस्‍तुं गाश्‍वस्‍थितमत्‍तकुञ्जरमुखप्रक्षि-
10. प्‍तकुन्‍ताहव । तेजस्‍वी... [राज] तनय पश्‍चादभूद् भूषणं राज्‍ये सप्‍तश्‍ताख्‍यदुर्लभतरे नानातुरँगाकरे ।
11. तस्‍यानन्‍तर... भूपतिलक काले [अ] दूरात्‍कले | पुत्रोभूत्कल (लि) कालकल्‍मषबहि: प्रोत्‍तुगंतेजा: स हि | आशा-
12. राजमहीपतिर्गुणगणालँकारभूमँडनो विख्‍यातो यशसा सुविक्रम... कँदर्परूपाकृति: | य[श्छ]त्रो-
13. तानमेघडँवर [निभ़्] श्‍चँडप्रतापान्वित: सँप्राप प्रभुसिद्धराजवचसा युद्वाय धारानले (तले) | द्रष्‍टवा मुँजगती-
14. नडलनाथाकृति तद्भीत्‍या नरवर्म्‍मभूपतिरभूत्‍प्राकारदुर्ग्गाश्रय | तत्‍पुत्रोथकुलप्रदीपक[...]
15. दभूदल्‍हण: क्षोणीपाल इलातलक्षितिभुजामुत्‍पा [ट] रक्षाक्षम: | येनैतान् गिरिगह्वरान्‍त-
16. भीरधाराधिपान् रक्षितमे [व] गूर्ज्‍जरपतेर्ग्‍ग्रस्‍तं [म] हान्‍तं दलं | यन्‍मातामहपूर्वज: क्षितिभु-
17. जां जेता च दातार्थिनां श्रीमद् धूहडनृपो बभूव सुकृती | तस्‍याथ स्थिरचँडभास्‍करसम:
18. ख्‍यातप्रतापो ह्यभूद् विष्‍णुद्वारनरेश्‍वरी रिपुवघूवैघव्‍यदानप्रद: | पश्‍चात्तत्र विचित्रविक्रमकुण-
19. ...भूमीश्‍वरो जात: श्रीहरदत्‍तनामनृपतिस्‍तेजोधराभास्‍कर: || सुनुस्‍तस्‍य कुमारपालनृपतिस्‍त्‍या-
20. गी वि... [युद्व] मु (च्छि) तमहीविन्‍यस्‍तकीतिक्रम: | त[त्‍सूनुस्‍वत्‍थ देववर्द्वनपुरे] श्रीर्कीति-
21. पालाभिधो जा [त:] पतेस्‍तुरँगमनणां संहारकर्ता रणे | तद्भ्राता हरिपालनाम विदितो हम्‍मीकरशँका-
22. करो य[द्भीत्‍या न जलेँ] तुरूष्‍कतुरगै: पीतँ तृषार्तैरपि || भ्राता त] स्‍य कुमारपालनृपते:... घरियत्रीयश्‍ो-
23. विख्‍यातस्त्विह रूद्रपालनृपति: सदवँदद्यकर्म्‍मक्रम: || तत्‍सारस्‍वत पुण्‍यभूतलपते: प्राण‍प्रिया पुत्रिका । सँ-
24. जाता हि महासती प्रतिदिनँ गंगेव वंद्या संता || नाम्‍ना देल्‍हण देविकेति जगति प्रख्‍यातशीलामला | सा-
25. भूदल्‍हणभूपतेर्विजयिनो मातातिपुत्र प्रिया || तत्‍पुत्रस्‍य बृहस्‍पतेरिव गुणा बुद्विश्‍च वि[ष्‍णो]र्यथा तेज-
26. [स्‍तस्‍य] रवेरिव क्षितितले सौम्‍यत्‍वमिंदोरिव| रामस्‍येव जनानु-रागविभव श्रीअल्‍हणक्ष्‍माप-
27. ते: सौ (शौ)र्यं तस्‍य बलेरिवास्ति विदितं गांभीर्यमब्‍धेरिव | सांभोधिक्षितिखंडमंडनम-
28. हे दीनार्थिकल्‍पद्रुमो जातो भूपकुमारीविक्रमयशोविख्‍यात-
Plate 2
1. चूडामणि: | श्रीमत्‍केहल्‍हण आत्‍मवँशकमलप्रद्योतनार्थो रविर्भक्‍तो रामवदल्‍हणस्‍य नृपते: पुत्र: प-
2. वित्रो भूवि || ईदृग्‍वँशगुणाधार: श्रीमदल्‍हणभूपति: | विचिन्‍तयति संसारमसारा [का] रदुस्‍तरम् ||
3. संसारे दशदु:खभीतमनसा गत्‍वाथा ती[र्थो]दकै: स्‍नात्‍वा निर्मल घौतपोतयुगलँ विन्‍यस्‍य चांगे निजे |
4. पश्‍चातँ जगतां पतिं ‍त्रिपुरूषं संतर्प्‍य (र्प्‍य) पंचमृतै: कर्पूरोदक चारूचन्‍दनरसैर्लिप्‍त्‍वा समग्रं तत सद्यश्‍चँप-
5. कमालतीशतदल-व्‍याकोषुष्‍पांबुजै सँपूज्‍याथ यथोचितँ सुमनसा स्‍तुत्‍वा च नत्‍वा चिरै | नैवैद्यं सरसं
6. प्रदाय बहुधा पुण्‍यप्रदारात्रकँ पश्‍चात्‍प्रेक्षणकँ मनोधृतिकरँ तौर्य त्रिकालँ कृतँ || कृत्‍वैतदद्विजदेवता-
7. स गुरूनभ्‍यर्च्‍य नानाघनै: पित्रो: स्‍वस्‍य च धर्मकीर्तियशंसा सँवृद्धये श्रद्वया | अथानन्‍तरँ च | अनल्‍पचेतसा
8. स्‍वर्ग्‍गापवर्ग्‍गमार्ग्‍गाप्रयासप्रकाशकफलप्रदँ | धर्मस्‍थानकं तदुपद्रवश्‍च क्षितितलमहीपाल तिलको महीपतिरसो प-
9. रिभावयति| परिभाव्‍य च भगवत: सकलसुरासुरगुरो: श्रीमत्रि (‍त्ति्त्र) पुरूषदेवस्‍य प्रभुज्‍यमाननँदाणग्रामस्‍य | ग्राम-
10. स्‍यास्‍य परत्र भीरूमनसा दृष्‍टवा | गृहीतँ तदा प्रत्‍यब्‍दँ हि बालघिय(प)क्रमपदाभाव्यँ नृपैनिष्‍कृपै: | पश्‍चादल्‍हणदेवभूतल-
11. भुजा चन्‍द्रार्क्‍ककालावधिं कृत्‍वास्‍मै तिलदर्भतोयविधिना संकल्‍पदतँ सदा || राजभि: कृतधर्माणां जन्‍मकल्‍याणकारि-
12. णां | लुप्ति: केनापि नो कार्या स्‍वर्ग्‍गसौख्‍यप्रदायिना | एतदेव मया दत्‍तँ लोभाद् ग्रह्णाति यो नर: | मातुस्‍तस्‍य चरत्‍येव रासभ: प्र-
13. तिवासरँ || तथा च श्रीमच्‍चँदलेश्‍वरदेवस्‍य प्रभुज्‍यामानभीटलवाटक ग्रामस्‍य बालाघिपाभा
14. व्‍यँ श्रद्वानुविद्वया भक्‍त्‍या श्रीमच्‍चँदलेश्‍वरदेवाय प्रदत्तिमति ||
15. अपरँ च महाराजाधिराजश्रीमदल्‍हणदेवेन चँदलेश्‍वरदेवकीयगर्भगृह मध्‍ये
16. राज्ञी श्रीशँकरदेव्‍या करापतिगौर्यै प्रतिदिनभोगनिमित्‍तं शुल्‍क मँडपिकायां
17. प्रतिमासँ प्रदत्‍ता द्रम्‍भाश्‍चत्‍वार: | ते च चन्‍द्रार्ककालं यावत् परिपालनीया: | लुप्तिं यो-
18. स्‍य विधास्‍यति प्रगतधी: पंचातिपापालयो यो वा शासनलोपहेतुवचसां वक्‍ता भविष्‍य-
19. त्‍पि | स्‍वर्ग्‍ग... कृष्‍टसप्‍तपितरस्‍तस्‍यैव पापात्‍मन: कुंभीपाकनिरंत घोरनरके
20. यास्‍यंति तेधोमुखा: || मामस्‍ते शसनारूढ: श्रीमदल्‍हणभूपते: | दानांबुनिर्मली-
21. भूत: स्‍वहस्‍तो दक्षिणो ह्ययं || महाराजाधिराजस्‍य श्रीमदल्‍हणभूभुज: |पुरतो लि-
22. खितं चेदं खेलादित्‍यने (त्‍येन) शासनं || इति संवत् 1220 आषाढ शुदि 11 गुरूदिने देवस्‍य प्र[ति]
23. एकादशीपर्वणि त्रित्रिपुरूषदेवाय चांम्वोडीग्रामभूमिमध्‍यात (त्) वी [झ] हाइडुं गर-पश्चिम-दिग्‍भागे महाराजाघिरा-
24. ज श्रीअल्‍हण्‍देवेन हलत्रयभूमी स्‍वसीमापर्यंता शासनेन प्रदत्‍ता ||
लिखिमिदं ठ0 श्रीधरे ए (ण्‍ा) प्रभुराज्ञत: || ओम् ||
The Nanana grant of Alhana, A Feudatory of Kumarapala Chaulukya V. 1219 and 1220[1]
Ojha Grant 4 Appendix-G (iv) of Dasharatha Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties, pp.207

The copper plate grant published here was discovered in 1936. When I went to Ajmer the same year in connection with the present thesis the late Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. Gaurishankar Hirachand Ojha was kind enough not only to show it to me but also to help me in deciphering it. He had discovered the grant at a village named Nanana about three miles from Bhagwanpur Railway Station on the Western Railway, which passes through Gujrat and Rajasthan and links the two. This village was the find-spot of another copper plate grant of Kumarapala, published by Dr. Ojha in ABORI, XXIII

The script used is Nagari. Excepting the prose portion giving the date, the name of the Chaulukya overlord, Kumarapala, his capital Anahilapataka, details about donations, and a few words more, the record is in good Sanskrit verse. As regards orthography, the sign of anusvara is mostly used, though at places, the nasal is also employed. A consonant following 'r' is not unoften doubled. Prishthamatras have been used.

The grant is issued from Anahilapataka and is dated Monday, the 3rd day of the dark half of Pausha V. 1219 (26th November, 1162. A.D.) in the Ramarajya of Maharajadhiraja Kumarapala, the vanquisher of the ruler of Shakambhari, while Yashodhavala was in charge of the affairs of the State, secular as well as religious.

The genealogy of the donor, the Chahamana ruler, Alhana, begins with line five of plate I and can be tabulated as follows:-

  • 4. Mahindra;
  • 5. Anahila, who destroyed many rulers;
  • 6. (Jendu) raja (?) in the Saptashata kingdom, the "mine of horses";
  • 7. Asharaja, who by the orders of his overlord, Siddharaja went to fight at Dhara. Its ruler, Naravarman, shut himself behind the walls of his fort as soon as he saw Asharaja.
  • 8. Alhana, son of Asharaja and Delhanadevi, who saved the big army of the Gurjara King from extermination by slaying the Abhira (?) chiefs, and also the ruler of Dhara;
  • 9. Prince Kelhana.

Lines 16-23 of Plate I give the following genealogy of Alhana's maternal grandfather:-

  • 1. Dhuhada;
  • 3. Kumarapala;
  • 5. Haripala, the brother of No.4, of whom even the Hammmira was afraid. Out of his fear the Turushka horses, even. though afflicted with thirst, did not dare to drink water.

A brother of Kumarapala, No. 3 above, was the nripati Rudrapala, the lord of Sarasvata Bhutala, whose daughter, Delhanadevika, was the mother of Alhana Chahamana.

The details of donations begin with line 9 of Plate II.

Alhana granted to the god Tripurushadeva the balādhipābhāvya (the cess due to the balādhipa) of the village Nandana. This had so far been appropriated by 'merciless' rulers every year, even though the village revenues were being enjoyed by Tripurushadeva. Similarly he granted the balādhipābhāvya of the village Bhitalavataka, then being enjoyed by Chandaleshvara, to that very god. To the image of Gauri set up in the garbhagrha of Chandaleshvara by Queen Sankaradevi, he assigned 4 drammas from the customs house for her daily offerings.

The record up to this point was written by Kheladitya. To it there is an addendum in smaller letters, written by Tha (kkura) Sridhara, specifying the grant of three 'ploughs' of land by Alhana to Tripurushadeva from the village Chamundi. This grant is dated Thursday,' the 11 th day of the bright half of Ashadha, V. 1220.

Places mentioned in the grant - Of the places mentioned in the grant:

  • Vishudvara looks like Haridwar, though it is difficult to be sure on this point; other geographical names in the record are

The record is of considerable historical interest. So far the last known date for Alhana was V. 1218. The present record takes his reign upto V. 1220 in which year he was succeeded by Kelhana. From Kirtipala's grant of V. 1218, Alhana is known to have defeated the Saurashtrikas. The present record supplies the additional information that he slew the ruler of Dhara an adversary of the Gurjara ruler. We have perhaps to identify this ruler with Ballāla, though the credit of slaying has been assigned also to Yasodhavala Paramara of Abu by the Tejahpālaprashasti and to some Brahmana soldiers by the Dvyāshrayakāvya of Hemachandra.

We know from the Sundha Inscription that Alhana's father, Asaraja rendered meritorious service in Jayasimha Siddharaja's Malwa campaign. From the present record, it appears that Naravarman Paramara, though defeated, did not lose Malwa. Driven into the fort of Dhara by the combined forces of Jayasimha Siddharaja and his feudatories, he stood the siege with success, for otherwise the record would have claimed that Asaraja captured the Paramara capital.

Interesting also is the reference to Haripala, a cousin of Alhana's mother, Delhanadevi, as Hammirashankākarah, i.e. as one who inspired terror in the heart of the Hammira. That 'Hammira' here stands for the word Amir is made obvious by the further statement that due to Haripala's fear theTurushka horses did not drink water in spite of being extremely thirsty. I have identified elsewhere this Hammira with Ibrahim of Ghazna who, according to Firishta, raided India and reached the western coast of the country.

Of the words used in the record, balādhipābhāvya needs some explanation. It appears from inscriptions of Western Rajasthan and Gujarat that rulers and feudal chiefs regarded themselves as entitled to a number of minor cesses, besides their share in the land produce and customs duties. These cesses, called ābhāvyas, accrued to them on account of their real or supposed services as balādhipas and talāras etc. and could be realized even from villages given away in charity.

Notable persons

External links

See also

Nanana

References

  1. Dasharatha Sharma, Early Chauhan Dynasties,pp.207

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