Asiagh

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Chaudhary Devi Lal (Sihag)

Asiagh (असिहाग) Asiyag (असिहाग) Sihag (सिहाग) Sehwag (सहवाग) Siyak (सियाक) Syak (स्याक) Sehag (सेहाग) Sehwag (सहवाग) Suhag (सुहाग) Syag (स्याग) Sinhwag (सींहवाग) Siwal (सिवाल) Siag (सियाग) Bolan is a gotra of Jats in Rajasthan, Haryana Westorn UP and Madhya Pradesh in India. They are also known as Asi. Apart from India, this gotra is also found in Europe and America. Sihag are decendant of Sahatavan (सहतावन) and belong to nagavansh. ^[1] Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mention it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia. ^[2]

History

In Mahabharata

The Assaka Mahajanapada

The Mahabharata Tribe - Asmaka (अश्मक) is associate with the Iksvaku line of Kshatriyas in Puranas and Buddhist scriptures refer to their land as a Mahajanapada. Identified with Paithan in Aurangabad district, this janapada may have comprised modern Nasik and Aurangabad. Fought with the Pandavas. ^[3]

Bhisma Parva Mahabharata, Book 6:Chapter 10, writes as Ashmaka about province of Asmaka along with Munda, Sunda, Vidarbha, Asika, Pansurashtra and Goparashtra in shloka 42 as under:

गॊविन्दा मन्दकाः षण्डा विदर्भानूपवासिकाः

अश्मकाः पांसुराष्ट्राश च गॊप राष्ट्राः पनीतकाः (VI.10.42)

Drona Parva Mahabharata mentions Asmakas with Kekayas.

धृष्टथ्युम्नश च थुर्धर्षः शिखण्डी चापराजितः

अश्मकाः केकयाश चैव कषत्रधर्मा च सौमकिः (VII. 61.39)

Assaka, or Ashmaka, was one of the solasa (sixteen) Mahajanapadas of ancient India (700–300 BCE) mentioned in the Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya. The mahajanapada was located on the banks of the Godavari River. Its capital was Potali, Potana or Podana, which now lies in the Nandura Tehsil. It was the only Mahajanapada situated to the south of the Vindhya Range , and was in Dakshinapatha. The Buddhist text Mahagovinda Suttanta mentions about a ruler of Assaka, Brahmadatta who ruled from Potana.^[4]

Later the people spread southward to the territory of the Rashtrakuta empire, which is now in modern Maharashtra.

Asikanagar: The city of Asiagh

The Hathigumpha inscription of King Kharavela at Bhubaneshwar in Orissa mentions about Asikanagar, a city of Asiaghs, in line 4 as under:

Line 4 - कारयति पनतिसाहि सतसहसेहि पकतियो च रंजयति [।।] दुतिये च वसे अचितयिता सातकनिं पछिमदिसं हय गज नर रध बहुलं दंडं पठापयति [।।] कन्हवेंणां गताय च सेनाय वितासिति असिक नगरं [।।] ततिये पुन वसे

Means - In the second year, without caring for Sātakarnī [His Majesty] sent to the west a large army consisting of horse, elephant, infantry and chariot, and struck terror to Asikanagara with that troop that marched upto the river Kanhavemnā.

An article by K L Faujdar ^[5] about Raja Kharavela in Orissa mentions about the rule of Kaswan in 2nd century of Vikram samvat. It has been mentioned in ‘Hathi Gumpha and three other inscriptions’ (page 24) in Sanskrit as under:

Sanskrit - कुसवानाम् क्षत्रियानां च सहाय्यतावतां प्राप्त मसिक नगरम्

IAST - “Kusawānāṃ kshatriyānāṃ ca Sahāyyatāvatāṃ prāpt masika nagaraṃ”.

This translates that the city of 'Masiknagara' was obtained with the help of 'Kuswan' Kshatriyas ^[6]

According to Sadananda Agrawal interpretation of the city as Masikanagara is not well-supported. Kanhavemṇā is commonly equated with the river Krishna coastal flowing in Andhra Pradesh. However, Krishna lies much to the south of Kalinga, and not west as averred in the epigraph (Devanagari: पछिमदिसं). But there is another stream flowing to the west of Kalinga in Vidarbha and known locally at present as Kanhan which flows about 17 km northwest of Nagpur and joins the river Vena (Wainganga), and it is the combined flow of these two streams that is spoken as Kanhavemṇā in our records. ^[7]

The recent find of a sealing belonging to the Asikajanapada in course of intensive archaeological excavations at Adam (Nagpur district) has solved also the problem of locating Asikanagara whose king or and people became frightful at the arrival of Kharavela's army at Kanhavemṇā. In view of the evidence of a highly prosperous city unearthed at Adam, Prof AM Shastri is of the opinion that Adam itself represents the Asikanagara of Hathigumpha inscription. It is worth noting in the present context that a terracotta sealing having a legend, has been discovered from Adam, situated on the right bank of the river Wainganga, which reads Asakajanapadasa (Devanagari: असकजनपदस). ^[8]

The township of Asikanagara to the west of Nagpur indicates the township of Asiagh or Siyak jats. This is also supported by Thakur Deshraj that Asiagh Jats moved from Asirgarh in Malwa to Rajasthan. This must have been migration to Rajasthan of these people when their rule came to an end. After this period their rule is recorded in Jangladesh by the Historians James Tod and Thakur Deshraj.

From the above description we can interpret that Kaswan Jat was a chieftain who helped Kharavela in his war expedition. Kaswan Jats must also have moved along with Kharavela to Kalinga.

Mention by Megasthenes

Asiagh is one of the Jat clans as described by Megasthenes.

23.Then succeeds a level tract of country known by the general name of Amanda (Manda) - The Peucolaitae (Panghal), Arsagalitae (Asiagh), Geretae (Getae), Asoi (Asiagh) - Whereof the tribes are four in number.

In Central Asia

The Asiagh people were inhabitants of Asirgarh. One group of them migrated to Europe. Another group moved to Jangladesh. The country Assyria derives its name from Asiaghs. The origin of word Asiagh is from Sanskrit word "Asi" meaning sword. According to Kautilya the people who depended on "Asi" (sword) for their living were known as Asiagh.

According to G. Bongard-Levin and A. Vigasin, Soviet studied have revealed that the migration of steppes tribes from Central Asia started in second century BCE. Excavation in Tajikistan and Swat (Pakistan) reveal the presence of Aryan culture in Central Asia at that time. Some groups of these people had lineage directly with the Rig Vedic Aryans.

The Saka tribes in second century BCE crossed Pamir and moved to north India. They carried with them some elements of the Central Asian culture. The sword, “Asi” in Sanskrit, is one of them that came to Taxila. From the above description it becomes clear that the Asiagh people were the first wave of Sakas from Central Asia.

Lake Urmia (Persian: دریاچه ارومیه) is a salt lake in northwestern Iran between the provinces of East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan, west of the southern portion of the similarly shaped Caspian Sea. Lake Urmia has 102 islands. Asiaghs had number of island in their name. Their names are as follows: Aram, Arash, Ardeshir, Arezu, Ashk (Asiagh), Ashksar (Asiagh), Ashku (Asiagh), Atash, Azar (Ajra), Azin, Bahram, Bard (Bardak), Bardak (Bardak), Bardin (Bardak), Bastvar (Bast), Bon (Beniwal), Bon-Ashk (Beniwal/Asiagh), Borz (Burzia), Borzin, Borzu (Burzia), Chak-Tappeh, Cheshmeh-kenar (Sheshma), Day (Dahiya), Espir, Espirak, Espiro, Garivak (Garwa), Giv, Golgun (Golyan , Gordeh (Godhe), Gorz, Iran-Nezhad, Jodarreh (Jodia), Jovin (Joon), Jowzar (Jhojhar ), Kabudan (Kudan), Kafchehnok. Kakayi-e Bala, Kakayi-e Pain, Kakayi-ye Miyaneh, Kalsang (Kalasman ), Kam, Kaman, Kameh, Kariveh (Karvir), Karkas (Karkala), Kaveh, Kenarak, Khersak, Kuchek-Tappeh, Magh, Mahdis, Mahvar, Markid, Mehr (Mehria), Mehran (Mehria),, Mehrdad (Mehria), Meshkin, Meydan (Manda), Miyaneh (Mann), Nadid, Nahan (Nain), Nahid (Nahar), Nahoft, Nakhoda, Navi, Naviyan (Nain), Omid, Panah (Pannu), Penhan, Pishva, Sahran (Saharan), Samani, Sangan (Sangwan), Sangu (Sangwan), Sarijeh, Sepid (Sepat), Shabdiz, Shahi (Eslami), Shahin, Shamshiran, Shurtappeh, Shush-Tappeh, Siyah (Shivi), Siyah-sang, Siyavash (Siwach), Sorkh, Sorush, Tak (Taank), Takht, Takhtan Takhar), Tanjak (Tandi), Tanjeh (Tandi), Tappeh Tashbal, Tir, Tus, Zagh (Jangoo), Zarkaman, Zarkanak, Zartappeh (Jat), Zirabeh,

Rulers in Jangladesh

According to Thakur Deshraj, Asiagh were rulers in Jangladesh prior to the rule of Rathores . Jangladesh coincided with the princely state of Bikaner in Rajasthan. When Rathores under the leadership of Bika and Kandal were spreading their rule in Jangladesh, At that time Asiagh Jat were ruling in about 150 villages in Jangledesh. Chokha Singh was their king and their capital was at Pallu town. Rawatsar, Devasar, Biramsar, Moteir, Dandusar and Gandeli were other famous towns in their state.Their capital was at Pallu town. Birhmani Mata's mandir at Pallu is very famous. It is known that Shivaji Siag had drunk the milk of a lioness. Son of Shivaji Siag, Manak Dev Ji had a war with Momgharuka (king of Kot Kaloor) and won. The name of daughter of Momgharuka was Pal and modern Pallu town was named after her. The name of Manak Dev Ji's wife was Laachha Devi. Laachha Devi was of Dudi Gotra. Manak Dev Ji had died in war with Laakha. Manak Dev Ji's wife was burnt as 'Sati' at a Johad (pond) in Pallu.

Chokha Singh had war with Rathores but the Godara Jats had aligned with Rathores due to which Asiaghs faced a defeat. Rathores had established good relations with the Delhi Muslim rulers and became powerful. The lack of harmony and coordination among other Jat rulers led to the defeat of Jat states in Jangladesh and established the Rathore Kingdom. Part of above information has been obtained from Uday Singh, Rao of Siags (ancestry record keeper), who lives in Gobindgarh village near Ajmer.

Story about Chokhaji Sihag

Once Godara king had sent his messenger to King Chokha Ram Ji of Jangladesh to irritate king Chokha ji and provoke him to fight. So, that messenger went to Devasar village near Pallu. There is a pond in Devasar village where Chokha Ram ji used to take bath and meditated on its shore. Chokha Ram ji was meditating when that messenger reached him. The messenger reached him and said," I am a messenger of Godaras, give me some offerings". Chokha Ram ji replied, " If you want to have food, it will be prepared soon but I don't give offerings." As the messenger was ordered to say to Chokha Ram ji, he said,"What type of king you are?" On this, Chokha Ram ji took a handful of water and splashed it onto the messenger. Chokha Ram ji said," Take this and go away". But the messenger was astonished on seeing that the water had turned into gold Ashrafees. When the messenger returned to Godara king, he told them:-

सियागां मैं सम्प घणों, दूजी जात न जोड़ Siagaan mein samp ghano, dooji jaat na jod

सियाग चोखै दान दियो, छपन लाख करोड़ Siag Chokhai daan diyo,chappan lakh crore

सूई के सिहाग

सूई चुरू से उत्तर-पश्चिम में 58 मील दूर तथा गोदारा जाटों के ठिकाने शेखसर से 12 मील उत्तर-पूर्व में लूणकरणसर तहसील में है. यह सिहाग जाटों की राजधानी थी और यह प्रदेश सियागगोटी कहलाता था. दयालदास ने इनके गाँवों की संख्या 140 लिखी है जबकि कर्नल टाड व ठाकुर देशराज ने इनको असिहाग लिखा है तथा इनके गाँवों की संख्या 150 बताई है जिन पर इनका अधिकार था. ^[9] ठाकुर देशराज व दयालदास के अनुसार इनकी राजधानी पल्लू थी. और राजा का नाम चोखा था. इनके राज्य की सीमा में रावतसर, बीरमसर, दांदूसर, गण्डेली आदि थे. सिहागों का दूसरा ठिकाना संभवतः पल्लू रहा हो जो सूई से कुछ मील दूर नोहर तहसील में है. चौहानों के काल में पल्लू जैन धर्म का एक प्रमुख केन्द्र था, जहाँ से 11 वीं शताब्दी की अनेक मूर्तियाँ मिली हैं जिनमें एक राष्ट्रीय संग्रहालय नई दिल्ली व एक बीकानेर संग्रहालय में है. कहा जाता है कि पहले इसका नाम कोट किलूर था जो बादमें इस ठिकाने के जाट सरदार की लड़की के नाम पर पल्लू हो गया. विक्रम की 16 वीं शताब्दी के पूर्वार्ध में अन्य जाट ठिकानों की तरह पल्लू व सूई पर भी राठोड़ों का अधिकार हो गया. कहते हैं कि सिहाग जाटों ने बाद में भी सरलता से राठोड़ों की अधीनता स्वीकार नहीं की थी. तब सिहाग जाटों को धोखे से बुलाकर एक बाड़े में खड़ा करके जला दिया गया था. ^[10][11]

Distribution in Haryana

In Haryana main Sihag villages are Siwani Bolan, Sisai Bolan (Hisar), Chautala. Dhukara (Sirsa), Haibatpur (Jind),Chudani(Jhajjar) (village of Virender Sehwag (cricketer), Chautala, Jhittikhera,

Distribution in Rajasthan

Locations in Jaipur city

Himmat Nagar, Jhotwara, Khatipura, Mansarowar Colony,

Syak jats live in villages: Mordi (17), Parwan (1), Pawsu (9),

Syag jats live in villages: Bhooratiya (4), Gokulpura Pakhan (18), Mohanpura (1),

Villages in Sikar district

Bidsar, Ghana, Kerpura, Lalsar, Mandeta, Sikar

Villages in Jhunjhunu district

Sonasar, Bhurasar Indali Gaon, mainana,

Villages in Nagaur district

Gotan,

Villages in Jodhpur district

Jodhpur, Salwa Kalla,

Villages in Barmer district

Balotra, Barmer, Baytu, Chohtan, Dholanada, Kharapar, Nimbanion Ki Dhani, Ramsar, Sawau, Sihagon Ki Dhani (Kawas), Taratara Math, Utarlai (Kawas),

Villages in Jaisalmer district

Bhaniyana, Jaisalmer,

Villages in Pali district

Dhundhla (Sojat),

Villages in Jalor district

Mirpur Kheda,

Villages in Chittorgarh

Chittorgarh,

Villages in Ganganagar

Ghamudwali, Morjandkhari,

Villages in Hanumangarh

Bashir, Bojhla, Dhaban, Dingarh, Fatuhi, Khothawali, Kishanpura Utaradha, Nagrana, Nukera, Ratanpura, Ratnisar Mahajan, Saharni, Saliwala, Sangaria Shergarh,

Villages in Bikaner district

Surnana,

Villages in Tonk district

Sihag Jats live in villages: Rahimpura (1),

Syag Jats live in villages: Kalyanpura Bawdi (5),

Syak (स्याक) Jats live in villages: Kalyanpura Bawdi (3), Pratappura Diggi (2), Maharajpura (2),

Distribution in Punjab

Villages in Punjab with Siag population are: Dhingawali, Keharianwali, Khanpur, Jhumianwali, Taja-patti, Bandiwala,

Villages in Punjab

Dhinganwali - The village Dhinganwali was founded in 1921 (Vikrami Samvat) by three Siags -Chetan Ram ji, Tiku Ram Ji and Hiro ji who had migrated here from Moteir village in Rajasthan. Siag gotra is Chandravanshi. Once Godara king had sent his messenger to King Chokh Ram Ji of Jangladesh to irritate king Chokha ji and provoke him to fight. So, that messenger went to Devasar village near Pallu. There is a pond in Devasar village where Chokha Ram ji used to take bath and meditated on its shore. Chokha Ram ji was meditating when that messenger reached him. The messenger reached him and said," I am a messenger of Godaras, give me some offerings". Chokha Ram ji replied, " If you want to have food, it will be prepared soon but I don't give offerings." As the messenger was ordered to say to Chokha Ram ji, he said,"What type of king you are?" On this, Chokha Ram ji took a handful of water and splashed it onto the messenger. Chokha Ram ji said," Take this and go away". But the messenger was astonished on seeing that the water had turned into gold Ashrafees. When the messenger returned to Godara king, he told them:-

सियागां मैं सम्प घणों, दूजी जात न जोड़ Siagaan mein samp ghano, dooji jaat na jod

सियाग चोखै दान दियो, छपन लाख करोड़ Siag Chokhai daan diyo,chappan lakh crore

Six sons of Ch. Ram Rakh Siag -Sahib Ram, Krishan, Rajender, Rai Singh, Arjun Singh and Bhim Sain are living in this village. The eldest of them, is the Sarpanch of the village. Arjun singh was MLA of Abohar during (Punjab) in 1986.

Distribution in Madhya Pradesh

Found in Mandsaur district, where they are called Sihak.

Villages in Mandsaur district

Betikheri, Handari, Kacharia Jat, Laduna (Sitamau), Pipalkhuta,

Villages in Nimach district

Sihag are found in Nimach city in Nimach district.

Distribution in Uttar Pradesh

Found in Ghaziabad district, where they are called Siwal.

Villages in Ghaziabad district

Shyampur, Dadayara,

Famous persons of this gotra

• Virender Sehwag
• Chaudhary Bhani Ram Siag (Zaildar)
• Chaudhary Dhonkal Ram Siag (Zaildar)

Ch. Jee Sukh Ram ji Sihag, Rais of Chautala

• Chaudhary Devi Lal
• Om Prakash Chautala
• Dr Satbir Singh Sihag
• Dr Neelam Sihag
• Chaudhary Maha Singh Sihag
• A. R. Sihag - IAS
• Arjun Siag (Ex-MLA of Abohar)
• Panna Ram Siyag, DOB 5-1-1961, IFS Rajasthan, 1986
• Mool Chand Siyag - Social Worker
• Pradeep Sihag - The most successful Boxer from India.
• भींया राम सिहाग

External links

• The country of Assaka

References

1. ↑ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihasa (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, p.284
2. ↑ Dilip Singh Ahlawat: Jat viron ka Itihasa
3. ↑ Mahabharata (VII. 61.39)
4. ↑ Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) Political History of Ancient India, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, p.80
5. ↑ Kishori Lal Faujdar:Jat Samaj Monthly Magazine, Agra, January/February (2001) page-6
6. ↑ Kishori Lal Faujdar:Jat Samaj Monthly Magazine, Agra, January/February (2001) page-6
7. ↑ Sadananda Agrawal: Śrī Khāravela, Published by Sri Digambar Jain Samaj, Cuttack, 2000
8. ↑ Sadananda Agrawal: Śrī Khāravela, Published by Sri Digambar Jain Samaj, Cuttack, 2000
9. ↑ ठाकुर देशराज , जाट इतिहास, पेज 616
10. ↑ चौधरी हरिश्चंद्र नैन, बीकानेर में जनजाति, प्रथम खंड, पेज 18
11. ↑ Dr Pema Ram, The Jats Vol. 3, ed. Dr Vir Singh,Originals, Delhi, 2007 p. 205-206

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