ravichaudhary
May 3rd, 2003, 02:18 AM
I came across this.
The author alleges that the Rajputs of the Pundeer clan ruled Sahranpur in 712 AD.
That cannot be as the word Rajput did not exist at that time.
They would Gujars or Jats.
Is Pundeer is Jat Gotra ?.
Can someone identify the other gotras ?.
Note : they could be misspelled or the spelling changed when the translation is being done.
Does Gaharwal have anything to do with Garhwal as in Tehri Garhwal r is the Gahadwal clan who are Jats.
Ravi
http://www.saharanpurtoday.com/history.html
Complete Information of SAHARANPUR CITY
History of SAHARANPUR - Part 1 of 2
History:-Saharanpur is a renowned district of Uttar Pradesh, surrounded by sivalik ranges in the North and North East. Its boundary is formed by the Yamuna in the west and the Ganga in the East. The History of this regior is extrmely old. The region is extremely old. The region was known as Ushinar during the latter Vedic Period. A historical survey reveals that the region has undergone the change of name from time to time.
PRE HISTORIC PERIOD:As a result of Archestogical survey, the remains of various cultures have been excavted and found. On the basis of material available from the survey, the oldest date of Saharanpur can be determined 2000 B.C. and near about . On the basis of Mridbhands, axes and other articles excavated from Ambakheri, Badgaon, Hulas, Bahadrabad and Nasirpur etc. It can be affirmed that, in this district, there are founded remains of Pre- Indus civilization, Indus Civilization, reddle shaded Mridbhand Culture, Copper cultture and pointed carpeted Carpeted with dust. Dhusar Mridbhand culture. This makes it obvious that there was habilition in Saharanpur District even before Indus Valley civilization. After the advent of Aryans, There is available a chronological history of this district. It is an altogether different matter that till date there is inavailability of specific information concerning local monarchs, related to different dynasties, and their administrative set up. .
REMAINS OF INDUS VALLEY:In Bahadurabad, close to Kankhal(Brahmins happened to be the ministers of the kings and used to act as the purohits in several yajnas.)a renowned city of antiquity, there have been found, in the basin of Ganga, Brown coloured earthen pots which appear to be copper shaded. They are said to be related with Indus Valley. Besides this the Mridbhands similar to those of the Harappan culuture have been found in Ambakheri , Badgoan, Nasirpur and Hulas. The Remains of indus civilization ,having been found at Ropar, it was conjectured that Indus civilization was widespeared throughout Northern India. Now, as a result of its remains being traced out at different places of Saharanpur District ,it is almost ascertained that indus civilization was speard from the indus to the Ganga. .
VEDIC PERIOD :Having migarted from Sapta Saindhav pradesh (HEPTAPOMATIC REGION) and crossing the yamunna, the Aryans planted their first colony at Ushinagar , which was no other than saharanpur . They had to fight not only the oborigines of this place, but there were reciprocal aryan tribal battles also . Due these battles also ,several eminent leaders emerged,and there were formed larger groups and catagories . The mass was bramins under the doming influence of the Brahmins. That is why the intermediate region fo the Ganga and Yammuna came to be known as Brahanarshi Desh SAPTA SAROVAR where the Brahmarshis used to The Aryans had announced this region
after the Punjab.what marks it obvious is that Ganga and Yamuna find thier mention once only in the Rigveda.An account of the conflict between Aryans and aborigines of this region is found in the Regveda.Chief among these aborigines were Drawid,Kinner,Dasa and Dasyns.The war between Shambar,the Dasa monarch and Divodasa,the Ayans monarch continued till forty years.Shambar was killed as a result of an Aryans alliance withIndra.The Kingdom of Shambar went under the region of Divodasa. Sudas,the son of Divodas,captured the Paurav kingdom of Hastinapur also Samvaran,the King thereof,escaped towards the SaptaSaindhava(Punjab). thus the Aryavatra,including Saharanpur was under his monarchy.After sometimes,Samvarana won back his proviance,conquerred by Sudas.The region from saraswati to Ganga come to be known Kanrava Pradesh,after the name of his son Kurn10.The Kuru Jangala Pradesh,in which there was Saharanpur also,became a part of Kuru state.Hastinapur was the capital of Kuru State.After Kuru,his son Shantana became the monarch of Kuru Jangal Pradesh.Thereafter Vichitravirya,then Pandu and after that Dhritarashtra ascended the throne.During thier region there occured the war between Kauravas and Pandavas,which is famous as the war of mahabharata.
Afterthe Mahabharata war,Emperor Yudhishthira became the monarch of Kuru Jangala Pradesh.After Lord Krishna's ascension to His Holy Abode, Yudhishthira lost heart.Having entrusted Parikshit,the son of abhi- manyu,with crown and sceptre,he ascended the Himalayasvia DevVan (present deoband),Kankhal andMayapur(Haridwara). After Parikshit,the reins of Kuru Pradesh were held by Janmejaya, (Parikshit's son).Thereafter the Kuru thorne was occupied chrono- logicallyby Shatanik,Ashvamedhaja,AsimKrishna and his son Nemichakra (Nichaksha).During his region Hastinapur,the capital city was sub- merged by Gangetic innudation and the monarch of Kaurava clan migrat- ed towards Kaushambi12,a township of Vatsadesha,and settled there simultaneously,the Vagas captured the Kuru Pradesh.This event is of 9th or 10th century B.C.
Saharanpur remained under Kuru Pradesh,but the Mahajanapadas of 6th century B.C.could not maintain thier status quo for long.During the age of Gautam Buddha Koshala state was expanded from Himalayas to Kashi and it remained under Prasenajit,the monarch Buddha made a journey to Hastinapur ,After sometimes when this region again came under Kuru federal Kingdom,it was divided into Yandheya,Ushimar and Srughna Janpadas.
"NANDA REGIME" there is not available any specific proof oriented knowledge concerning the history of Saharanpur till the Regime of Mahapadmananda.During the reign of Mahapadmananda this sole monarchy of Magadha was expanded from Northern Bihar to the Yamuna river. Then a larger part of Saharanpur District was under Srughna13 Jana- pada.it was still and independent Janapada,not under subordination of Magadha.
The SHAKUMBHARI DEVI TEMPLE of saharanpur Janapada was an eminent pilgrimage spot of Srughna Janapada.Brihadhatta(Behat), near Shakumbhari was an important town.This township was an imporrtant town.This township was loated at a distance of one Yojana from Shakum- bhari temple and was on the highway that led to the North of the Kuru Pradesh.
MAURYA EMPIRE(320 B.C-184 B.C.)Having borne the brunt of defeat for the first time from Nanda,Chandragupta and Acharya Chanakya mannaged to reach Shakumbhari14 ira,Kaushambi,Kampilya,Shukra Kshetra,Govinashan, Shivalik and Mayapuri.Seating themselves here,they organised an army to deafeat Nanda15;and having arrived at Himavat Kuta,Chanakya entered into a treaty with Parvataka16,and consequently they defeated Nanda.
Thus,Srughna Janapada was also assimilated to the Maurya Empire and Saharanpur became a part of the Maurya Empire.This is ascertained by the Ashokan grapholith17 also.Saharanpur remained under this regime till the administrative temire of Brihadratha,the last ruler of the Maurya Empire.Besides,an Ashokan Pillar was excavated from Topari of Saharanpur(Khijarabad);the pillar was taken to Delhi by Feeroz Shah Tughlaq,and it is still in Feeroj Shah Kotla18.
THe route leading Megasthenese to India passed through Saharanpur.The Greek traveller reached Patlipur via Gandhar,Taxila,Indus,Hydaspes (Jhelum),Satluj,Ravi,Yamuna and Hastinapur19. Haridwara(Mayapur)and Behat were the renouned cities of that time. Behat was next to Mayapur in importance,because it was an important Buddhistic centre,
In 1834 Captain Kotalain,while leading the digging of Yamuna Canal,led an excavation in Behat also,where about 17 feet below the present terrestriallevel,there were found one statue of Bhuddha,and some coins of Indo Scythian period20,.
Besides there were in existence some other old and renowned townships of Deoband,Nakur and sarsava claiming thier existence in the Mahabharta age.The Pandavas passed thier period of Silvan exile.it is famed that Nakul habilitated the township of Nakur.
SHUNG DYNASTY(184 B.C.-72 B.C.):The Shung Dynasty reigned after the Mauryanera.In accordance with the puranas and evidences available, thier reigme was upto 112 years.During this period several smaller Ganarajyas were established in India.For sometimes,the existence of even Saharanpur was under fluctuation on account of Greek invasions on India. During the regime of Pushyamitra in 155 B.C.
Milind invaded this region but himself was defeated at Kalosindhu near gwalior,by Vasumitra.The historians are not unanimous about the imperial expansion of Milinda.If it is agreed upon that,after the defeat of Milind Panchal Pradesh(upto the territory of numis- matic availablity)remained to exist,it is established that Saharanpur was a part of the Kingdom of Milinda.
If Buddhists writings are taken as evidence(in which there is a mention of mass slaughter of the Buddhists by Pushyamitra),then it is indisputable that Saharanpur must have been under the Shunga regime,at least in the period of Pushyamitra Shunga.
YAUDHEYA GANARAJYA(1st century B.c.-4th A.D.):The power of Shunga Empire,having suffered invadingIndia intermittently.The death Knell of the Greek regime had been sounded in the region of Saharanpur,as the Yaudheyan coins of 1st century B.C.have beenfounded at Behat of Saharanpur District.
23 Rapson 24and Vincent Smith 25 also are of the same opinion.The Yaudheya regime ended from Saharanpur,when Kanishka had claimed his right over the region from Panchala and Kaushala.
The coins of Huvishka also have been founded in plenty in Saharanpur. The might of Kushma dynasty,having suffered a deline,the Yaudheyas regained their right to rule this region.In the Prayag Stambh ins- cription of Samudragupta,the Gupta Emperor,the Yaudheyas have been enumerated among those people,who paid off types of taxes to the Gupta Emperor,followed all his commandments and bowed themselves in reverence before him.26
KUNIND GANARAJYA(About 1st century B.C.to 4th century A.D.): There is found a mention of Kunind Janapad contemporary to Yaudheyas.From the seals/coins of Kunind available from Saharanpur District,it is known that Kunind Janapad was expanded in the entire Northern Region between the Vyas and the Ganga.A major portion of Saharanpur came under this region.
27 GUPTA PERIOD:The present Saharanpur,though divided into Kunind and the Yaudheya Ganas till the regime of Samudragupta,was still under the Gupta Empire.In Shakumbhari and neighbouring Shivalik hills and in several other places of SaharanpurDistrict,there have been found the statusof Gupta period and Silver coins.
28.They reveal that in the first decade of 5th century,these ganarajyas had ceased to exist,and Chandragupta second annexed this region to the mighty Gupta Empire.
29 By the time of Skandagupta this entire region rem- ained under the Gupta administration.At that very time the township of Manglaur was habilitated and the King MangalSen of Manglor got a fortres constructed.MangalSen was a regent(Samant)of Gupta Kings.
HUN(440 A.d.):right since the period of SkandaGupta the power of the Imperial guptas started to suffer a decline,and the Huns got themselves spread in the Gangetic Plains.About 475 A.D.Tormana,the Huna Chieftain became the Emperor of the Huna Empire.He captured Punjab,Mathura,Western Uttar pradesh and some areas of central India.In 510-11 A.D.he suffered a defeat in the hands of Bharmgupta. Saharanpur District was still under the Jurisdiction of the Hunas. In 515 A.D.Tormanis son Mihirkul emerged as his successor.In Gwalior, there have been found his coins and inscriptions,from which it is revealed that his Kingdom was expanded from Punjab to Central India.
Baladitya and Yashodharman,the ruler of Malva defeated him and ex- panded his territory upto Sialkot.Thus the Huna Empire came to and in Western U.P. and Punjab and Saharanpur came under Yashodharman, the ruler of Malwa,for sometime.
After Yashodharman,from 554 A.D.to the rise of Harshavardhana(606 A.D.), Saharanpur District and a part of Northern Do-ab was under the Maukhari Kingdom of Kannary 32.
In this very time Srughna Janapada was established again in Saharanpur.
THE REGIME OF HARSHAVARDMAN(606 A.D.-647 A.D.)Parallel to the Maukharis of Kanauj,there emerged in Thaneshwar a new dynasty,where ruler Prabha- karvardhana was bestowed with the title of Param Bhattarak.Buhller says that the Kingdom of Prbhakarvardhan was limited upto Thaneshwar only
33. In views of Hieuntsang,acceptable to Cunningham also,the Kingdom of Prabhakar Vardhan included the states of Southern Punjab and Eastern Rajputana.This Kingdom was expanded upto 1200 miles
34.The present analysis makes it obvious that,at the time of Harsha's cornation the territories of the state of Thaneshwar mingled with the Huna Region in the North West,the Hills in the North,and the Maukhari states of Kannauj in the East.River Yamuna was the dividing line of their states.After the assosiation of Grahvarman Maukhari,
Harsh became the ruler of Thaneshwer and Kannanj.Thus the entire Northern India came under his Jurisdiction. Hieuntsang,the chinese traveller visited India during Harsha's region.He has made a mention of Sul-lu-Kina(Srugna)in Harsha's Kingdom,whose Capital is deemed to be the present Sungaon35.It was in a dilapidated condition.There is no mention of the King.
36.According to HIeuntsang, in Srughna,there were five Buddhist monasteries,which claimed more than a thousand Buddhistic followers.Most of them were followers of the Hinayana sect and the followers of other Buddhistic sects were very few in member .There were hundred temples of divinity and a large number of non Buddhistic faith also resided there.31.Hieuntsang travelled to Kannauj via the then renowned townships of Behat38 and Mayapur39 of this District.
In 647A.D.after the death of Harsha,the anarchy and disorder,that pre- vailed in the Uttarpatha is known from an account provided by Ma Toan Lin, a chinese writer of 13th century.
According to him,after the demise of Harsha,Arjuna,his minister became the lord of the state.according to accounts furnished by minstre4ls,in 712 A.D,Pundaki and saharanpur were inhabited by the Rajputs of Pundeer clan.
THE REGIME OF YASHOVARMAN(about 731-750 A.D)
The period of 75 years from the fall of Arjuna to the advent of Yashovarman fails to provide any infor- mation about the history of Saharanpur.In the third decade of 8th century, There is a graphic account of the Digvijay of Yashovaram in the Prakrit poetry of Vakpati,a renowned poet.41. Thus, it is known that once again, Saharanpr came under Yashovarman, the ruler of Kannaj.
About 740 A.D the kasmir ruler Laitaditya started his march of victory and he reached Kannajy via Saharanpur region, and defeated their ruler Yashovarman. A plenty of Lalita ditya coins have been received form Banda district. This proves the invasion of Lalitaditya, and makes it known that, after the defeat of Yashvarman, Saharanpur remained under the administration of Lalitaditya of Kashmir.
The author alleges that the Rajputs of the Pundeer clan ruled Sahranpur in 712 AD.
That cannot be as the word Rajput did not exist at that time.
They would Gujars or Jats.
Is Pundeer is Jat Gotra ?.
Can someone identify the other gotras ?.
Note : they could be misspelled or the spelling changed when the translation is being done.
Does Gaharwal have anything to do with Garhwal as in Tehri Garhwal r is the Gahadwal clan who are Jats.
Ravi
http://www.saharanpurtoday.com/history.html
Complete Information of SAHARANPUR CITY
History of SAHARANPUR - Part 1 of 2
History:-Saharanpur is a renowned district of Uttar Pradesh, surrounded by sivalik ranges in the North and North East. Its boundary is formed by the Yamuna in the west and the Ganga in the East. The History of this regior is extrmely old. The region is extremely old. The region was known as Ushinar during the latter Vedic Period. A historical survey reveals that the region has undergone the change of name from time to time.
PRE HISTORIC PERIOD:As a result of Archestogical survey, the remains of various cultures have been excavted and found. On the basis of material available from the survey, the oldest date of Saharanpur can be determined 2000 B.C. and near about . On the basis of Mridbhands, axes and other articles excavated from Ambakheri, Badgaon, Hulas, Bahadrabad and Nasirpur etc. It can be affirmed that, in this district, there are founded remains of Pre- Indus civilization, Indus Civilization, reddle shaded Mridbhand Culture, Copper cultture and pointed carpeted Carpeted with dust. Dhusar Mridbhand culture. This makes it obvious that there was habilition in Saharanpur District even before Indus Valley civilization. After the advent of Aryans, There is available a chronological history of this district. It is an altogether different matter that till date there is inavailability of specific information concerning local monarchs, related to different dynasties, and their administrative set up. .
REMAINS OF INDUS VALLEY:In Bahadurabad, close to Kankhal(Brahmins happened to be the ministers of the kings and used to act as the purohits in several yajnas.)a renowned city of antiquity, there have been found, in the basin of Ganga, Brown coloured earthen pots which appear to be copper shaded. They are said to be related with Indus Valley. Besides this the Mridbhands similar to those of the Harappan culuture have been found in Ambakheri , Badgoan, Nasirpur and Hulas. The Remains of indus civilization ,having been found at Ropar, it was conjectured that Indus civilization was widespeared throughout Northern India. Now, as a result of its remains being traced out at different places of Saharanpur District ,it is almost ascertained that indus civilization was speard from the indus to the Ganga. .
VEDIC PERIOD :Having migarted from Sapta Saindhav pradesh (HEPTAPOMATIC REGION) and crossing the yamunna, the Aryans planted their first colony at Ushinagar , which was no other than saharanpur . They had to fight not only the oborigines of this place, but there were reciprocal aryan tribal battles also . Due these battles also ,several eminent leaders emerged,and there were formed larger groups and catagories . The mass was bramins under the doming influence of the Brahmins. That is why the intermediate region fo the Ganga and Yammuna came to be known as Brahanarshi Desh SAPTA SAROVAR where the Brahmarshis used to The Aryans had announced this region
after the Punjab.what marks it obvious is that Ganga and Yamuna find thier mention once only in the Rigveda.An account of the conflict between Aryans and aborigines of this region is found in the Regveda.Chief among these aborigines were Drawid,Kinner,Dasa and Dasyns.The war between Shambar,the Dasa monarch and Divodasa,the Ayans monarch continued till forty years.Shambar was killed as a result of an Aryans alliance withIndra.The Kingdom of Shambar went under the region of Divodasa. Sudas,the son of Divodas,captured the Paurav kingdom of Hastinapur also Samvaran,the King thereof,escaped towards the SaptaSaindhava(Punjab). thus the Aryavatra,including Saharanpur was under his monarchy.After sometimes,Samvarana won back his proviance,conquerred by Sudas.The region from saraswati to Ganga come to be known Kanrava Pradesh,after the name of his son Kurn10.The Kuru Jangala Pradesh,in which there was Saharanpur also,became a part of Kuru state.Hastinapur was the capital of Kuru State.After Kuru,his son Shantana became the monarch of Kuru Jangal Pradesh.Thereafter Vichitravirya,then Pandu and after that Dhritarashtra ascended the throne.During thier region there occured the war between Kauravas and Pandavas,which is famous as the war of mahabharata.
Afterthe Mahabharata war,Emperor Yudhishthira became the monarch of Kuru Jangala Pradesh.After Lord Krishna's ascension to His Holy Abode, Yudhishthira lost heart.Having entrusted Parikshit,the son of abhi- manyu,with crown and sceptre,he ascended the Himalayasvia DevVan (present deoband),Kankhal andMayapur(Haridwara). After Parikshit,the reins of Kuru Pradesh were held by Janmejaya, (Parikshit's son).Thereafter the Kuru thorne was occupied chrono- logicallyby Shatanik,Ashvamedhaja,AsimKrishna and his son Nemichakra (Nichaksha).During his region Hastinapur,the capital city was sub- merged by Gangetic innudation and the monarch of Kaurava clan migrat- ed towards Kaushambi12,a township of Vatsadesha,and settled there simultaneously,the Vagas captured the Kuru Pradesh.This event is of 9th or 10th century B.C.
Saharanpur remained under Kuru Pradesh,but the Mahajanapadas of 6th century B.C.could not maintain thier status quo for long.During the age of Gautam Buddha Koshala state was expanded from Himalayas to Kashi and it remained under Prasenajit,the monarch Buddha made a journey to Hastinapur ,After sometimes when this region again came under Kuru federal Kingdom,it was divided into Yandheya,Ushimar and Srughna Janpadas.
"NANDA REGIME" there is not available any specific proof oriented knowledge concerning the history of Saharanpur till the Regime of Mahapadmananda.During the reign of Mahapadmananda this sole monarchy of Magadha was expanded from Northern Bihar to the Yamuna river. Then a larger part of Saharanpur District was under Srughna13 Jana- pada.it was still and independent Janapada,not under subordination of Magadha.
The SHAKUMBHARI DEVI TEMPLE of saharanpur Janapada was an eminent pilgrimage spot of Srughna Janapada.Brihadhatta(Behat), near Shakumbhari was an important town.This township was an imporrtant town.This township was loated at a distance of one Yojana from Shakum- bhari temple and was on the highway that led to the North of the Kuru Pradesh.
MAURYA EMPIRE(320 B.C-184 B.C.)Having borne the brunt of defeat for the first time from Nanda,Chandragupta and Acharya Chanakya mannaged to reach Shakumbhari14 ira,Kaushambi,Kampilya,Shukra Kshetra,Govinashan, Shivalik and Mayapuri.Seating themselves here,they organised an army to deafeat Nanda15;and having arrived at Himavat Kuta,Chanakya entered into a treaty with Parvataka16,and consequently they defeated Nanda.
Thus,Srughna Janapada was also assimilated to the Maurya Empire and Saharanpur became a part of the Maurya Empire.This is ascertained by the Ashokan grapholith17 also.Saharanpur remained under this regime till the administrative temire of Brihadratha,the last ruler of the Maurya Empire.Besides,an Ashokan Pillar was excavated from Topari of Saharanpur(Khijarabad);the pillar was taken to Delhi by Feeroz Shah Tughlaq,and it is still in Feeroj Shah Kotla18.
THe route leading Megasthenese to India passed through Saharanpur.The Greek traveller reached Patlipur via Gandhar,Taxila,Indus,Hydaspes (Jhelum),Satluj,Ravi,Yamuna and Hastinapur19. Haridwara(Mayapur)and Behat were the renouned cities of that time. Behat was next to Mayapur in importance,because it was an important Buddhistic centre,
In 1834 Captain Kotalain,while leading the digging of Yamuna Canal,led an excavation in Behat also,where about 17 feet below the present terrestriallevel,there were found one statue of Bhuddha,and some coins of Indo Scythian period20,.
Besides there were in existence some other old and renowned townships of Deoband,Nakur and sarsava claiming thier existence in the Mahabharta age.The Pandavas passed thier period of Silvan exile.it is famed that Nakul habilitated the township of Nakur.
SHUNG DYNASTY(184 B.C.-72 B.C.):The Shung Dynasty reigned after the Mauryanera.In accordance with the puranas and evidences available, thier reigme was upto 112 years.During this period several smaller Ganarajyas were established in India.For sometimes,the existence of even Saharanpur was under fluctuation on account of Greek invasions on India. During the regime of Pushyamitra in 155 B.C.
Milind invaded this region but himself was defeated at Kalosindhu near gwalior,by Vasumitra.The historians are not unanimous about the imperial expansion of Milinda.If it is agreed upon that,after the defeat of Milind Panchal Pradesh(upto the territory of numis- matic availablity)remained to exist,it is established that Saharanpur was a part of the Kingdom of Milinda.
If Buddhists writings are taken as evidence(in which there is a mention of mass slaughter of the Buddhists by Pushyamitra),then it is indisputable that Saharanpur must have been under the Shunga regime,at least in the period of Pushyamitra Shunga.
YAUDHEYA GANARAJYA(1st century B.c.-4th A.D.):The power of Shunga Empire,having suffered invadingIndia intermittently.The death Knell of the Greek regime had been sounded in the region of Saharanpur,as the Yaudheyan coins of 1st century B.C.have beenfounded at Behat of Saharanpur District.
23 Rapson 24and Vincent Smith 25 also are of the same opinion.The Yaudheya regime ended from Saharanpur,when Kanishka had claimed his right over the region from Panchala and Kaushala.
The coins of Huvishka also have been founded in plenty in Saharanpur. The might of Kushma dynasty,having suffered a deline,the Yaudheyas regained their right to rule this region.In the Prayag Stambh ins- cription of Samudragupta,the Gupta Emperor,the Yaudheyas have been enumerated among those people,who paid off types of taxes to the Gupta Emperor,followed all his commandments and bowed themselves in reverence before him.26
KUNIND GANARAJYA(About 1st century B.C.to 4th century A.D.): There is found a mention of Kunind Janapad contemporary to Yaudheyas.From the seals/coins of Kunind available from Saharanpur District,it is known that Kunind Janapad was expanded in the entire Northern Region between the Vyas and the Ganga.A major portion of Saharanpur came under this region.
27 GUPTA PERIOD:The present Saharanpur,though divided into Kunind and the Yaudheya Ganas till the regime of Samudragupta,was still under the Gupta Empire.In Shakumbhari and neighbouring Shivalik hills and in several other places of SaharanpurDistrict,there have been found the statusof Gupta period and Silver coins.
28.They reveal that in the first decade of 5th century,these ganarajyas had ceased to exist,and Chandragupta second annexed this region to the mighty Gupta Empire.
29 By the time of Skandagupta this entire region rem- ained under the Gupta administration.At that very time the township of Manglaur was habilitated and the King MangalSen of Manglor got a fortres constructed.MangalSen was a regent(Samant)of Gupta Kings.
HUN(440 A.d.):right since the period of SkandaGupta the power of the Imperial guptas started to suffer a decline,and the Huns got themselves spread in the Gangetic Plains.About 475 A.D.Tormana,the Huna Chieftain became the Emperor of the Huna Empire.He captured Punjab,Mathura,Western Uttar pradesh and some areas of central India.In 510-11 A.D.he suffered a defeat in the hands of Bharmgupta. Saharanpur District was still under the Jurisdiction of the Hunas. In 515 A.D.Tormanis son Mihirkul emerged as his successor.In Gwalior, there have been found his coins and inscriptions,from which it is revealed that his Kingdom was expanded from Punjab to Central India.
Baladitya and Yashodharman,the ruler of Malva defeated him and ex- panded his territory upto Sialkot.Thus the Huna Empire came to and in Western U.P. and Punjab and Saharanpur came under Yashodharman, the ruler of Malwa,for sometime.
After Yashodharman,from 554 A.D.to the rise of Harshavardhana(606 A.D.), Saharanpur District and a part of Northern Do-ab was under the Maukhari Kingdom of Kannary 32.
In this very time Srughna Janapada was established again in Saharanpur.
THE REGIME OF HARSHAVARDMAN(606 A.D.-647 A.D.)Parallel to the Maukharis of Kanauj,there emerged in Thaneshwar a new dynasty,where ruler Prabha- karvardhana was bestowed with the title of Param Bhattarak.Buhller says that the Kingdom of Prbhakarvardhan was limited upto Thaneshwar only
33. In views of Hieuntsang,acceptable to Cunningham also,the Kingdom of Prabhakar Vardhan included the states of Southern Punjab and Eastern Rajputana.This Kingdom was expanded upto 1200 miles
34.The present analysis makes it obvious that,at the time of Harsha's cornation the territories of the state of Thaneshwar mingled with the Huna Region in the North West,the Hills in the North,and the Maukhari states of Kannauj in the East.River Yamuna was the dividing line of their states.After the assosiation of Grahvarman Maukhari,
Harsh became the ruler of Thaneshwer and Kannanj.Thus the entire Northern India came under his Jurisdiction. Hieuntsang,the chinese traveller visited India during Harsha's region.He has made a mention of Sul-lu-Kina(Srugna)in Harsha's Kingdom,whose Capital is deemed to be the present Sungaon35.It was in a dilapidated condition.There is no mention of the King.
36.According to HIeuntsang, in Srughna,there were five Buddhist monasteries,which claimed more than a thousand Buddhistic followers.Most of them were followers of the Hinayana sect and the followers of other Buddhistic sects were very few in member .There were hundred temples of divinity and a large number of non Buddhistic faith also resided there.31.Hieuntsang travelled to Kannauj via the then renowned townships of Behat38 and Mayapur39 of this District.
In 647A.D.after the death of Harsha,the anarchy and disorder,that pre- vailed in the Uttarpatha is known from an account provided by Ma Toan Lin, a chinese writer of 13th century.
According to him,after the demise of Harsha,Arjuna,his minister became the lord of the state.according to accounts furnished by minstre4ls,in 712 A.D,Pundaki and saharanpur were inhabited by the Rajputs of Pundeer clan.
THE REGIME OF YASHOVARMAN(about 731-750 A.D)
The period of 75 years from the fall of Arjuna to the advent of Yashovarman fails to provide any infor- mation about the history of Saharanpur.In the third decade of 8th century, There is a graphic account of the Digvijay of Yashovaram in the Prakrit poetry of Vakpati,a renowned poet.41. Thus, it is known that once again, Saharanpr came under Yashovarman, the ruler of Kannaj.
About 740 A.D the kasmir ruler Laitaditya started his march of victory and he reached Kannajy via Saharanpur region, and defeated their ruler Yashovarman. A plenty of Lalita ditya coins have been received form Banda district. This proves the invasion of Lalitaditya, and makes it known that, after the defeat of Yashvarman, Saharanpur remained under the administration of Lalitaditya of Kashmir.