Research on history of Jat clans

[lrburdak]

1. Dalman River, the ancient Indus, formed the traditional border between Caria and Lycia in Turkey. Jat clans: ....
2. Kale - Kale is a rural district of Denizli Province of Turkey near the town of Tavas. Jat clans: Kale, Kale Rawat
3. Berdak (Armenian: Բերդակ, Russian: Бердак), a village in Goghtn Region of Armenia, currently included into Ordubad region of Nakhichevan autonomy of Azerbaijan.Berdak village in Turkey in Tunceli Province is known by names: Pertek, Pertag, Pertage, Pertaq, Partage, Pertak, Berdak. Pertag, means "tiny fortress" in Armenian.
4. Tokat (also called Dokia) is the capital city of Tokat Province of Turkey in the mid-Black Sea region of Anatolia, modern Turkey. It is located at the confluence of the Tokat River (Tokat Suyu) with the Yeşilırmak. Geographical name changes in Turkey have been undertaken, periodically, in bulk from 1913 to the present by successive Turkish governments. Ancient name Dokia changed to present Tokat. It is probable that Jat clan Dukiya were rulers of the area and gave name to the region and the Tokat River. Jat clans: Dukiya, Dahyu

[lrburdak]

Notes on Turkish Name Changes

Note on Reading Turkish Names: Some of the modern place names at various places are given in Turkish language. For the most part, the equivalent English, French or German pronunciations are good approximations, but Turkish has some letters not present in those languages. Ğ or ğ is not pronounced, but lengthens the preceding vowel. For example, dağ, "mountain", is pronounced daa. Substitution of an English G or g is false. Ç or ç is a ch as in child, Ş or ş is an sh as in shore. What appear to be an English C or c is a J as in John, while the J or j is pronounced as the z in azure. The vowels have a short rather than a long pronunciation. As Turkish is an agglutinative language, the endings do not have the same meanings; e.g., daği is not the plural of dağ, which is daĝlar (daalar).

Geographical name changes in Turkey have been undertaken, periodically, in bulk from 1913 to the present by successive Turkish governments. Thousands of names within the Turkish Republic or the Ottoman Empire have lost or departed from their popular or historic alternatives in favour of recognizably Turkish names, as part of the Turkification policy. The governments have argued that such names are foreign or divisive. Names changed were usually of Armenian, Greek, Georgian (Including Laz), Bulgarian, Kurdish, Assyrian, or Arabic origin. Place names that have formally changed frequently persist in local dialects and languages throughout the ethnically diverse country.


The policy commenced during the final years of the Ottoman Empire and continued into the Turkish Republic. Under the Kemalist oriented government, specialized governmental commissions were created for the purpose of changing names. Approximately 28,000 topographic names were changed, which included 12,211 village and town names and 4,000 mountain, river, and other topographic names. Most name changes occurred in the eastern regions of the country where minority ethnicities form a large part or a majority of the population. Policies at times included banning the use of foreign names that were considered divisive and inappropriate.

With a view to preserve old history of the places we have listed them on Jatland. Our interest is that many ancient places in Turkey have been associated with Jat clans and Jat History.

[lrburdak]

History of Modana Jat clan

Modana (मोदाणा) Modane (मोदाणे) Gotra Jats live in Tonk district in Rajasthan.

History

Modana (मोदन) is a place name mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Katrryadi (कत्र्य्रादि) (4.2.95) group. ^[1]

Sandhya Jain^[2] writes that Modana (मोदाणा) is mentioned in Karna digvijaya (III. 241.47). Modapura (मॊदापुर)^[3] is a tribal city subdued by Arjuna in the north. Arjuna was sent north by Yudhisthira to subjugate kingdoms for the Rajasuya Yagya, after crowning as the Emperor of Indraprastha. (Mahabharata:II. 24.10)

The Mahabharata Tribe - Modana (मोदाणा) may be identified with Jat Gotra - Modana (मोदाणा) who live in Tonk district in Rajasthan.

Modane of France

Modane (French mɔ.dan; Italian: Modana) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. The commune is in the Maurienne Valley, and it also belongs to the Vanoise National Park. It was part of the Kingdom of Sardinia until the Treaty of Turin in 1860.^[4]

DNA study on Y-STR Haplogroup Diversity in the Jat Population

David G. Mahal and Ianis G. Matsoukas^[5] conducted a scientific study on Y-STR Haplogroup Diversity in the Jat Population of which brief Conclusion is as under:
The Jats represent a large ethnic community that has inhabited the northwest region of India and Pakistan for several thousand years. It is estimated the community has a population of over 123 million people. Many historians and academics have asserted that the Jats are descendants of Aryans, Scythians, or other ancient people that arrived and lived in northern India at one time. Essentially, the specific origin of these people has remained a matter of contention for a long time. This study demonstrated that the origins of Jats can be clarified by identifying their Y-chromosome haplogroups and tracing their genetic markers on the Y-DNA haplogroup tree. A sample of 302 Y-chromosome haplotypes of Jats in India and Pakistan was analyzed. The results showed that the sample population had several different lines of ancestry and emerged from at least nine different geographical regions of the world. It also became evident that the Jats did not have a unique set of genes, but shared an underlying genetic unity with several other ethnic communities in the Indian subcontinent. A startling new assessment of the genetic ancient origins of these people was revealed with DNA science.
The human Y-chromosome provides a powerful molecular tool for analyzing Y-STR haplotypes and determining their haplogroups which lead to the ancient geographic origins of individuals. For this study, the Jats and 38 other ethnic groups in the Indian subcontinent were analyzed, and their haplogroups were compared. Using genetic markers and available descriptions of haplogroups from the Y-DNA phylogenetic tree, the geographic origins and migratory paths of their ancestors were traced.
The study demonstrated that based on their genetic makeup, the Jats belonged to at least nine specific haplogroups, with nine different lines of ancestry and geographic origins. About 90% of the Jats in our sample belonged to only four different lines of ancestry and geographic origins:

1. Haplogroup L (36.8%)- The origins of this haplogroup can be traced to the rugged and mountainous Pamir Knot region in Tajikistan.

2. Haplogroup R (28.5%): From somewhere in Central Asia, some descendants of the man carrying the M207 mutation on the Y chromosome headed south to arrive in India about 10,000 years ago (Wells, 2007). This is one of the largest haplogroups in India and Pakistan. Of its key subclades, R2 is observed especially in India and central Asia.

3. Haplogroup Q (15.6%): With its origins in central Asia, descendants of this group are linked to the Huns, Mongols, and Turkic people. In Europe it is found in southern Sweden, among Ashkenazi Jews, and in central and Eastern Europe such as, the Rhône-Alpes region of France, southern Sicily, southern Croatia, northern Serbia, parts of Poland and Ukraine.

4. Haplogroup J (9.6%): The ancestor of this haplogroup was born in the Middle East area known as the Fertile Crescent, comprising Israel, the West Bank, Jordon, Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq. Middle Eastern traders brought this genetic marker to the Indian subcontinent (Kerchner, 2013).

5.-9. Haplogroups E, G, H, I, T (9.5%): The ancestors of the remaining five haplogroups E, G, H, I, and T can be traced to different parts of Africa, Middle East, South Central Asia, and Europe (ISOGG, 2016).

Therefore, attributing the origins of this entire ethnic group to loosely defined ancient populations such as, Indo-Aryans or Indo-Scythians represents very broad generalities and cannot be supported. The study also revealed that even with their different languages, religions, nationalities, customs, cuisines, and physical differences, the Jats shared their haplogroups with several other ethnic groups of the Indian subcontinent, and had the same common ancestors and geographic origins in the distant past. Based on recent developments in DNA science, this study provided new insights into the ancient geographic origins of this major ethnic group in the Indian subcontinent. A larger dataset, particularly with more representation of Muslim Jats, is likely to reveal some additional haplogroups and geographical origins for this ethnic group.

References -

1.V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.508

2. Sandhya Jain: Adi Deo Arya Devata - A Panoramic View of Tribal-Hindu Cultural Interface, Rupa & Co, 7/16, Ansari Road Daryaganj, New Delhi, 2004, p.139, S.No.172

3. Sandhya Jain: Adi Deo Arya Devata - A Panoramic View of Tribal-Hindu Cultural Interface, Rupa & Co, 7/16, Ansari Road Daryaganj, New Delhi, 2004, p.139, S.No.173

4.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modane

5. Y-STR Haplogroup Diversity in the Jat Population Reveals Several Different Ancient Origins

[lrburdak]

Kingdom of Sardinia in France

This kingdom is mentioned in above post where Modane (मोदाणे) is a commune in France. Modana or Modane is a Jat clan. We have DNA study on Y-STR Haplogroup Diversity in the Jat Population by David G. Mahal and Ianis G. Matsoukas a scientific study on Y-STR Haplogroup Diversity in the Jat Population. Haplogroup Q (15.6%): With its origins in central Asia, descendants of this group are linked to the Huns, Mongols, and Turkic people. In Europe it is found in southern Sweden, among Ashkenazi Jews, and in central and Eastern Europe such as, the Rhône-Alpes region of France, southern Sicily, southern Croatia, northern Serbia, parts of Poland and Ukraine.

There must be some more evidences to prove Jat population in this region of France. Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and before Cyprus). It is located in the Western Mediterranean, to the immediate south of the French island of Corsica. Sardinia is politically a region of Italy.

The name Sardinia is from the pre-Roman noun *s(a)rd-, later romanised as sardus (feminine sarda). It makes its first appearance on the Nora Stone, where the word Šrdn testifies to the name's existence when the Phoenician merchants first arrived. According to Timaeus, one of Plato's dialogues, Sardinia and its people as well might have been named after Sardò (Σαρδώ), a legendary woman born in Sardis (Σάρδεις), capital of the ancient Kingdom of Lydia. There has also been speculation that identifies the ancient Nuragic Sards with the Sherden, one of the Sea Peoples. It is suggested that the name had a religious connotation from its use also as the adjective for the ancient Sardinian mythological hero-god Sardus Pater "Sardinian Father" (in modern times misunderstood as being "Father Sardus"), as well as being the stem of the adjective "sardonic". In Classical antiquity, Sardinia was called Ichnusa (the Latinised form of Ancient Greek: Υκνούσσα), Σανδάλιον "Sandal", Sardinia and Sardó (Σαρδώ).

Probable Jat clans associated with this region may be

• Sandal
• Sardhi
• Saradhi
• Sardiya
• Sardoo

Read more at https://www.jatland.com/home/Sardinia

[lrburdak]

History of Bhakhalya clan

Bhakhalya (भखाल्या) gotra Jats live in Tonk district in Rajasthan.

Mention by Panini -Bhakshali (भक्षाली), also Bhakshasthali (भक्षास्थली), Bhekasthali (भेकस्थाली), Bhakshyali (भक्ष्याली), Bhakshyadi (भक्ष्यादी), is name of a Country mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Dhumadi (धूमादि) (4.2.127) group.(V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.509)



Read more at https://www.jatland.com/home/Bhakhalya

[lrburdak]

History of Mava clan

Mawa (मावा) (Mava) Jat gotra live in Sikar district in Rajasthan.

Mention by Panini

Mavasthali (मावस्थली), also Poshasthali, is name of a Country mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Dhumadi (धूमादि) (4.2.127) group.^[1]

---

Mava (मावा) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Nadyadi (नद्यादि) (4.2.97) group.^[2]

Sir H. M. Elliot^[3] mentions Adjoining the Lakki mountains are many others, on which dwell the tribes of the Bulúch and NahmrúÃ*, of the Jokiya and Jat, extending as far as KÃ*ch (KÃ*z?) and Makrán. To the eastward of the river are the Mawás and the SamÃ*ja tribes, spread as far as the sand-hills of Amarkot; and these are men who have never acknowledged a master.

References -

1.V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.509

2.V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.510

3.The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians/V. TárÃ*kh-i TáhirÃ*,p.286-287

[lrburdak]

Maya (मया) gotra Jats are found in Madhya Pradesh. Maya (माया) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Nadyadi (नद्यादि) (4.2.97) group. ^{(V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.510)}

[lrburdak]

History of Kohad clan

गणेशरा (AS, p.278) उत्तर प्रदेश की प्रसिद्ध धार्मिक नगरी मथुरा में स्थित एक गाँव है। क्षहरात वंश के क्षत्रप घाटक का एक अभिलेख इस स्थान से वोगल (Vogel) को सन 1912 ई. में प्राप्त हुआ था, (दे. जर्नल ऑव रायल एशियाटिक सोसायटी, 1912, पृ. 121)^[4] जिससे प्रथम शती ई. के लगभग मथुरा तथा निकटवर्ती प्रदेश पर शक (सिथियन) क्षत्रपों का आधिपत्य सूचित होता है।

Ganeshra Inscription of Kshaharāta Ghaṭāka is discussed in The Journal of Royal Asiatic Society, 1912.

This incomplete inscription in two lines on a rounded piece of red sandstone found in the second Ganeshra mound reads as follows (1) . . . sa Kshaharātasa Ghaṭākasa . . . ,
(2) ... ye thupa pati . . .


The second point of interest is the word Kshaharāta (क्षहरात), which occurs in the first line. This term is well known from some of the Western Cave inscriptions which mention the Kshaharata king and Satrap Nahapana. The Kshaharata clan, according to Mr. V. A. Smith, [p.122]: probably a branch of the Sakas, held sway in Western India in the end of the first and in the beginning of the second century of our era. It is of some interest to find a Kshaharata mentioned here in an inscription from Mathura.

Ganeshra Inscription of Kshaharāta Ghaṭāka mentions that a mound at Ganeshra near Mathura produced twenty-four inscribed bricks and brickbats. Two of them are complete (13-1/2 by 10-1/4 by 3 inches), and contain the legend: Rōhadevasa Kōhaḍa(sa). Rohadeva Kohaḍa was the minister (amātya) of Gōmita or Gōmitra, and, as it follows that the latter was in all probability a local ruler, it is very tempting to identify him with the Gomita or Gomitra whose coins have been found at Mathura.^[8] The date of [p.123]: the inscribed bricks must be the third or second century BC.

Thus it is clear that Rohad clan ruler was there in Mathura in third or second century BC.

[Dhillon99]

Namaskar to all the brothers of jatland forums, please help me to find the whole clan from starting to end - Dhillon, as it is the most ancient clan of jat history

[manoj001]

All Jat folks are requested to kindly refer to this page on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jats. This page has so many inaccuracies and is clearly dedicated to bring disrepute to Jats. We Jats are living in the bliss of ignorance. To protect our legacy, we need to be vigilant on all forums and especially on something like Wikipedia which is a common source of information. All Jat brothers and sisters having interest and education in history are hereby exhorted to come forth and re-edit content with correct Jat History beginning with our origins in Scythia to present day. Jats played a major role in ancient history which has been swept under the carpet by Modern Indian Historians. We need to dig it up and bring it forth in public domain. Our website Jatland.com is doing a stellar job in unearthing and publishing real Jat history but that is not being updated on sites like Wikipedia which are a common reference for people nowadays. Wikipedia is an open source encyclopedia which can be edited by anyone. However, one also has to provide sources and references of edited information.