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In the post Harshavardhana Era the regional forces asserted their authority in Northern and Southern India and their remained even no semblance of central authority to hold all parts of India together. In northern India there arose several independent big and small kingdoms during the next centuries who carried on relentless wars against one another to establish their hold on larger territories than they had captured. Their mutual fight led to further rise of petty kingdoms. Thus a sense of uncertainty on political scene of Indian political landscape resulted in emergence of chaotic political situation in most parts of the country.
In the neighbouring region of Arabia and Iran the Islamic hold was on the increase and their religious and political leadership was established in the hands of Caliph/Khalifa. The Islamic armies carried out unbelievable successful attacks in various parts of Asia, Africa and even in Europe.
In view of weak political power of Indian rulers, invasions of these Islamist forces started with invasion of Sindh by Mohd Qasim in 712 AD but their magnitude and frequency increased with the foundation of Ghaznavid kingdom in Afghanistan. Their initial success in these invasions swelled their number of army men as people from several parts of the central Asia and Arab countries joined them ostensibly to have share in war booty. After Ghaznavis appeared Mohd Ghori who not only took booty from India but also founded a kingdom here which after his death was known as Sultanate. The Sultanate founded by Qutubuddin Aibek lasted till the advent of Mughals under Babur in 1526.
To know the causes, events and their impact of these invasions and to assess the reasons of the failure of Indians of those times, the thread invites well reasoned write ups supported by contemporary sources. Only relevant comments may be shared by the participants.
Kindly remember we are going to discuss a long time historic process which is a very wide field of study having deep impact on the growth of India as a nation with unity of diversity and diversity in unity. It must not be forgotten that the fight was between mostly the ruling elite heads which incidentally professed Hinduism and Islam. The fight was for retaining the hold by the former and the latter were engaged in snatching it and this they did !
How, why and with what results are the broad issues of those times [it must not be coloured with modern or contemporary issues or events or comparisons between the two religions, please] to be taken up for in-depth study through discussion.
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