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Thread: Study of Inscriptions throwing light on the Jat History

  1. #281
    Description of Jats by James Tod (Contd)

    [p.130]: boarded by the enemy, expert in this kind of warfare. In each boat he placed twenty archers, and some with fire-balls of naphtha to burn the Jat fleet. The monarch having determined on their extirpation, awaited the result at Multan. The Jats sent their wives, children, and effects to Sind Sagar,[1] and launched four thousand, or, as others say, eight thousand boats well armed to meet the Ghaznians. A terrible conflict ensued, but the projecting spikes sunk the Jat boats while others were set on fire. Few escaped from this scene of terror ; and those who did, met with the more severe fate of captivity." [2]

    Many doubtless did escape ; and it is most probable that the Jat communities, on whose overthrow the State of Bikaner was founded, were remnants of this very warfare.

    Not long after this event the original empire of the Getae was overturned, when many fugitives found a refuge in India. In 1360 Togultash Timur was the great Khan of the Getae nation ; idolaters even to this period. He had conquered Khorasan, invaded Transoxiana (whose prince fled, but whose nephew. Amir Timur, averted its subjugation), gained the friendship of Togultash, and commanded a hundred thousand Getae warriors. In 1369, when the Getic Khan died, such was the ascendancy obtained by Timur over his subjects, that the Kuriltai, or general assembly, transferred the title of Grand Khan from the Getic to the Chagatai Timur. In 1370 he married a Getic princess, and added Khokhand and Samarkand to his patrimony, Transoxiana. Rebellions and massacres almost depopulated this nursery of mankind, ere the Getae abandoned their independence ; nor was it till 1388, after six invasions, in which he burnt their towns, brought away their wealth, and almost annihilated the nation, that he felt himself secure.[3]
    ----
    1 Translated by Dow, ' an island.' Sind Sagar is one of the Duabas of the Panjab. I have compared Dow's translation of the earlier portion of the history of Ferishta with the original, and it is infinitely more faithful than the world gives him credit for. His errors are most considerable in numerals and in weights and measures ; and it is owing to this that he has made the captured wealth of India appear so incredible.

    2 Ferishta vol. i. [The translation in the text is an abstract of that of Dow (i. 72). That of Briggs (i. 81 f.) is more accurate. In neither version is there any mention of the Sind Sagar. Rose (Glossary, ii. 359) discredits the account of this naval engagement, and expresses a doubt whether the Jats at this period occupied Jud or the Salt Ranges.]

    3 [By the ' Getae ' of the text the author apparently means Mongols.]
    ----
    [p.131]:

    In his expedition into India, having overrun great part of Europe, " taken Moscow, and slain the soldiers of the barbarous Urus," he encountered his old foes " the Getae, who inhabited the plains of Tohim, where he put two thousand to the sword, pursuing them into the desert and slaughtering many more near the Ghaggar." [1]

    Still the Jat maintained himself in the Panjab, and the most powerful and independent prince of India at this day is the Jat prince of Lahore, holding dominion over the identical regions where the Yueh-chi colonized in the fifth century, and where the Yadus, driven from Ghazni, established themselves on the ruins of the Taks. The Jat cavalier retains a portion of his Scythic manners, and preserves the use of the chakra or discus, the weapon of the Yadu Krishna in the remote age of the Bharat.
    ----

    1 Abulghazi vol. ii. chap. 16. After his battle with Sultan Mahmud of Delhi, Timur gave orders, to use the word of his historian, " for the slaughter of a hundred thousand infidel slaves. The great mosque was fired, and the souls of the infidels were sent to the abyss of hell. Towers were erected of their heads, and their bodies were thrown as food to the beasts and birds of prey. At Mairta the infidel Guebres were flayed alive." This was by order of Tamerlane, to whom the dramatic historians of Europe assign every great and good quality !

    Note - We have wikifies these articles and may read here - https://www.jatland.com/home/James_T...oyal_Races#Jat
    Last edited by lrburdak; March 14th, 2015 at 05:03 PM.
    Laxman Burdak

  2. The Following User Says Thank You to lrburdak For This Useful Post:

    DrRajpalSingh (March 19th, 2015)

  3. #282
    Good effort to provide useful information at one place [wiki] for use of future research scholars.

    Your effort deserves all appreciation.
    History is best when created, better when re-constructed and worst when invented.

  4. #283
    It would be great if somebody could share the identification of Salpoori, the capital of Raja Salinder Jat [as mentioned in Tod's Inscription I discussed earlier].


    Another inscription [No VI of Tod given in Vol. I of his Annals..... ] hints that it was situated in Shivaliks. Archaeologist's identification or gazetteer information or any travellers' hints in the matter, if any, could be good to connect the relations between the contemporary ruling dynasties of the region.
    History is best when created, better when re-constructed and worst when invented.

  5. #284
    We have two villages in Alwar tahsil of Alwar district in Rajasthan. One is Salpuri and other is Salpur. We don't have much content about these villages.
    Laxman Burdak

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    DrRajpalSingh (March 24th, 2015)

  7. #285
    We have earlier identified Salipura with Salera - village in Chhoti Sadri tahsil in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan. Its ancient name was Shalipura (शालिपुरा).

    This is supported by Chittor Inscription of Kumarapala (Solanki) V. 1207 (1150 AD).

    We have large number of villages by this name:

    1. Salera Kalan is a village in Vallabhnagar tahsil of Udaipur District in Rajasthan.

    2.-3. Salera Kalan, Salera Khurd - Ramganj Mandi (रामगंज मंडी) tahsil in Kota district in Rajasthan.

    4. Salera - Sahara tahsil in Bhilwara district in Rajasthan.

    5. Salera - Begun tahsil in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan

    6. Salera - Gangrar tahsil in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan

    7. Salera - Simalwara tahsil in Dungarpur district in Rajasthan.

    8-9. Salera Kalan and Salera Khurd - Mavli Udaipur in Rajasthan.

    10. Salera Kalan - Vallabhnagar tahsil in in Udaipur District in Rajasthan.

    11-12. Salera (two villages) - Raisen tahsil in in Raisen District in MP.
    Laxman Burdak

  8. The Following User Says Thank You to lrburdak For This Useful Post:

    DrRajpalSingh (March 24th, 2015)

  9. #286
    Salipura may also degenerate to Saliwada. We have

    Saliwada in Gotegaon (गोटेगाँव) tahsil in Narsinghpur district in Madhya Pradesh.

    Saliwada in Gairatganj tahsil in Raisen district in Madhya Pradesh.
    Laxman Burdak

  10. The Following User Says Thank You to lrburdak For This Useful Post:

    DrRajpalSingh (March 24th, 2015)

  11. #287
    Quote Originally Posted by lrburdak View Post
    We have earlier identified Salipura with Salera - village in Chhoti Sadri tahsil in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan. Its ancient name was Shalipura (शालिपुरा).

    This is supported by Chittor Inscription of Kumarapala (Solanki) V. 1207 (1150 AD).

    We have large number of villages by this name:

    1. Salera Kalan is a village in Vallabhnagar tahsil of Udaipur District in Rajasthan.

    2.-3. Salera Kalan, Salera Khurd - Ramganj Mandi (रामगंज मंडी) tahsil in Kota district in Rajasthan.

    4. Salera - Sahara tahsil in Bhilwara district in Rajasthan.

    5. Salera - Begun tahsil in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan

    6. Salera - Gangrar tahsil in Chittorgarh district in Rajasthan

    7. Salera - Simalwara tahsil in Dungarpur district in Rajasthan.

    8-9. Salera Kalan and Salera Khurd - Mavli Udaipur in Rajasthan.

    10. Salera Kalan - Vallabhnagar tahsil in in Udaipur District in Rajasthan.

    11-12. Salera (two villages) - Raisen tahsil in in Raisen District in MP.
    The repeat of names of various villages bearing 'Salera' as identified by you shows importance and historical significance of the old ruling dynasty of Shailendra Jat at Salpoor(i).

    But the Chitor inscription identifying this dynastic capital places the capital in Shivaliks which none of these 12 places fits as they are not in the region mentioned in this inscription. These village names may be reminders of the past glory of the Jats but cannot claim the status of the capital of the Jat dynasty of Shailendra.

    The old capital has to be looked in the region hinted to in the Shivalik range.
    History is best when created, better when re-constructed and worst when invented.

  12. #288
    I am being given to understand that Alexander Cunningham had identified the place in his Archaeological Survey Report Vol. 2 somewhere between present Lahore and Syalkot.

    I have not been able to lay my hand to the report, could anybody confirm/inform the exact identification of Salpoora/Salpoori/Salpoor as done by him.
    History is best when created, better when re-constructed and worst when invented.

  13. #289
    Salpuri, Salpura and Salera are very important from the point of view of ancient history. This way we can find the migration of these Jats from Sialkot to Malwa.

    It is also likely these place names to have relation with Salya of Mahabharata.

    Salya (सल्य) or Shalya (शल्य) was king of Madras, the modern Madernas.

    Shalya was king of Bahik Jats of Punjab, who used to take one sixth of the income as tax.

    Bhim Singh Dahiya writes that they are frequently mentioned in the epics and the Puranas. Their king , Salya, fought in the war. Madri, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva was a Madra Princess . Sabha Parva Shows that “ Jatasura Madra Kanam” (i.e. Asra and Madra Jats) brought presents for the Pandavas, who were their relations. They are also called Mad or Madh (Madhan) as well as Maderna nowadays. In Kurukshetra alone, they have twelve village . [Fragments, XLVI, 7]

    Many Madhan Jats are now Muslims also. They are recorded in the Bible as Madai. [Genesis, X,2]

    In Prakrit, the name Madra, becomes Madda. Their deity at Sakala, is called Kharaposta, which is and Iranian form.

    The Archaeological Survey Report of India unearths the fact that the ancient name for Sialkot was Sakala.[Archaeological Survey Report of India, Vol II, Vanaras, Page 193], [Kumar, Raj (2008). Encyclopaedia Of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval And Modern. Gyan Publishing House. p. 144. ISBN 8178356643, 9788178356648]
    Laxman Burdak

  14. #290
    Quote Originally Posted by lrburdak View Post
    Salpuri, Salpura and Salera are very important from the point of view of ancient history. This way we can find the migration of these Jats from Sialkot to Malwa.

    It is also likely these place names to have relation with Salya of Mahabharata.

    Salya (सल्य) or Shalya (शल्य) was king of Madras, the modern Madernas.

    Shalya was king of Bahik Jats of Punjab, who used to take one sixth of the income as tax.

    Bhim Singh Dahiya writes that they are frequently mentioned in the epics and the Puranas. Their king , Salya, fought in the war. Madri, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva was a Madra Princess . Sabha Parva Shows that “ Jatasura Madra Kanam” (i.e. Asra and Madra Jats) brought presents for the Pandavas, who were their relations. They are also called Mad or Madh (Madhan) as well as Maderna nowadays. In Kurukshetra alone, they have twelve village . [Fragments, XLVI, 7]

    Many Madhan Jats are now Muslims also. They are recorded in the Bible as Madai. [Genesis, X,2]

    In Prakrit, the name Madra, becomes Madda. Their deity at Sakala, is called Kharaposta, which is and Iranian form.

    The Archaeological Survey Report of India unearths the fact that the ancient name for Sialkot was Sakala.[Archaeological Survey Report of India, Vol II, Vanaras, Page 193], [Kumar, Raj (2008). Encyclopaedia Of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval And Modern. Gyan Publishing House. p. 144. ISBN 8178356643, 9788178356648]
    Thanks for sharing clues on the issue. This shows that Salpura/Sialkot seems to be the capital of the dynasty founded by Jat Raja Shailendra.
    History is best when created, better when re-constructed and worst when invented.

  15. #291
    Identification of Salivahanpura (Salpura)

    Identification of Salivahanpura (Salpura) is the key issue of Inscription No I: Kanswa Inscription of Jat Maharaja Shalinder of year 409 AD.

    Sankala or Sialkote as referred to be the place of Vahikas and river named Apaga where section of the Bahikas, known as the Jartikas lived finds place in Jat History. Sankala is Salipura founded by Salivahan mentioned in Inscription No I: Kanswa Inscription of Maharaja Shalinder of year 409 AD which has been discussed in great detail in thread. I quote again -

    "The fame of Raja Jat I now shall tell, by whose valour the lands of Salpura are preserved. The fortunes of Raja Jat are as flames of fire devouring his foe. The mighty warrior Jat Salindra is beautiful in person, and from the strength of his arm esteemed the first amongst the tribes of the mighty; make resplendent as does the moon the earth, the dominions of Salpuri. "

    We have Wikified the Annals of Jaisalmer by James Tod on Jatland and have we compile the genealogy of King Salivahana and his descendants.

    Bhattis are a Jat as well as a Rajput clan, and fortunately for history, they have left their annals in Jaisalmer (Rajasthan) where they ruled for centuries. These records of theirs, have been included by Col. James Tod in his well known Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, in three volumes. We are quoting from this work of James Tod. [James Tod: Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, Volume II, Annals of Jaisalmer, pp.199-204

    The Bhattis of Jaisalmer trace their origin to the same Zabulistan/Gazni area of Afghanistan, where the Jat clans were ruling. Their annals, written by Brahman Sukhdharma of Mathura give the usual Yadu line of Krishna of Dwarika up to Naba, and then the Brahman writer says, "Thus far from Bhagvata, and I continue the history of the Bhattis.... " Here is clear admission that the genealogy of the Yadus has been given from Bhagvata Purana and the Bhattis who sought to be connected with the Yadus, are connected with 'Naba'.

    Hukum Singh Panwar has given the ancestry of Bharatpur rulers starting from 1. Yadu. Shini is at S.No. 38, Krishna at S.No. 43 and Vajra at S.No. 46. From Naba at S.No. 47 onward we follow James Tod who has based on records of Brahman Sukhdharma of Mathura.

    1. Yadu → → → → 34. Andhaka → 35. Bhajmana → 36. Viduratha → 37. Shura → 38. Shini → 39. Bhoja → 40. Hardika → 41. Devamidha → 42. Vasudeva → 43. Krishna → 44. Pradyumna → 45. Aniruddha → 46. Vajra →

    47. Naba → 48. Prithibahu → 49. Bahubal (w.Kamlavati Puar) → 50. Bahu → 51. Subahu → 52. Rijh → 53. Raja Gaj (founded Ghazni in Yudhishthira 3008= BC 93) → 54. Salivahana (S.72 = AD 16)

    We get a date here when Salivahana founded Salivahanpur on (S.72 = AD 16)

    Raja Gaj founded Ghazni. On Sunday, the 3d of Bysāk, the spring season (Vasant), the Rohini Nikhitra, and Samvat Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira) 3008 (=93 BC), Raja Gaj seated on the throne of Ghazni. Raja Gaj invaded Kashmir ; and married the daughter of its prince, by whom he had a son, called Salivahan. When this child had attained the age of twelve, tidings of another invasion came from Khorasan. Raja Gaj sent his family and kin, and on pretence of a pilgrimage to Jwalamukhi, with the prince Salivahan, to Punjab, where he fixed on a spot with abundance of water, and having collected his clansmen around him, he laid the foundation of a city which he named after himself, Salivahanpura (Salpura), on Sunday, the 8th of the month of Bhadoon of S. 72 (=16 AD). The surrounding Bhomias attended, and acknowledged his supremacy. Salivahan conquered the whole region of the Punjab.[James Tod: Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, Volume II, Annals of Jaisalmer, p.200]

    Thus Salivahanpura (also Shalivahanapura, Salpura, Shalpura) was an ancient city founded by Salivahan S. 72 (=16 AD). Its ancient name was Sakala or Sagala during Mahabharata period.

    Location - Its location was near the present Sialkot or Syalkot (स्यालकोट) city in Pakistan in the Punjab province.

    James Tod writes that This would almost imply that Lahore and Salivahanapura were one and the same place but from what follows, the intervening distance could not have been great between the two cities. There is a Sangala, south of Lahore, near the altars of Alexander, and a Sialkote in our modern maps. Salbahana, Salbahanpoor, or simply Salpoora, may have been erected on the ruins of Kampilanagri. We may hope that researches in that yet untouched region, the Punjab, will afford much to the elucidation of ancient history. [James Tod: Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, Volume II, Annals of Jaisalmer, p.203, fn-1]

    We have created page on Jatland about Salivahanpura which may be expanded for further research.

    http://www.jatland.com/home/Salivahanpura
    Laxman Burdak

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