Darva

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Darva (दर्व) was one of The Mahabharata Tribes mentioned in Mahabharata. They fought Mahabharata War in Kaurava's side.

Variants

Jat Gotras from Darva

  • Dovar (डोवर) Davar (डावर)Dawar (दावर) gotra of Jats gets name from people of Mahabharata period called Darva (दर्व) who were known as Dovar in Marwar. [1][2]
  • Darv (दर्व) Darva (दर्व) Darawar (दारावार) is gotra of Jats originated from Darva (दर्व) people of Mahabharata period. [3]
  • Dava (दावा) Dahava (दहवा) Dahva (दहवा) is gotra of Jats originated from Darva (दर्व) people of Mahabharata period, who were known as Dava in Marwar. [4]

Mention by Panini

Darvaghata (दार्वाघाट) is name of a place mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Madhvadi (मध्वादि) (4.2.86) group. [6]

Darva (दार्वा) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi under Nadyadi (नद्यादि) (4.2.97) group.[7]

Darva (दार्व) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi. [8]


History

Tej Ram Sharma[9] describes that....We get three different versions about the origin of the Yaudheyas : third version is ....

(iii) The Harivamsa 594 and the Vayu Purana 595 state that King Usinara of the Puru dynasty had five queens named Nrga or Mrga, Krmi, Nava, Darva and Drsadvati who gave birth to five sons named Nrga, (or Mrga),'Krmi, Nava, Suvrata and Sibi (or Sivi) respectively. Sibi was the lord of the Sibi people or of the city of Sivapura, while Nrga (or Mrga) was the ruler of the Yaudheyas or of Yaudheyapura. The other three sons of Usinara, viz., Nava, Krmi and Suvrata, were the lords respectively of Navarastra, Krmilapuri and Ambasthapuri. 596 According to Pargiter, King Usinara established the Yaudheyas, Ambasthas, Navarastra,and the city of Krmila, all on the eastern border of the Punjab; while his famous son Sivi Ausinara originated the Sivis or Sibis in Sivapura. 597

594. I. 31.24-28: takes the reading Nrga.

595. 99.18-22: takes the variant reading Mrga.

596. D.C. Sircar, Oz. pp. 252-53.

597. Pargiter, M. P. 264.

दार्व

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[10] ने लेख किया है ... Darva दार्व (AS, p.432): दार्व देश को पाण्डव अर्जुन ने अपनी दिग्विजय यात्रा के प्रसंग में जीता था- 'ततस्त्रिगर्ता: कौंतेयं दार्वा: कोकनदास्तथा, क्षत्रिया बहवो राजन्नुपावर्तन्त सर्वश:' महाभारत, सभापर्व 27, 18.

दार्व के निवासियों ने युधिष्ठिर के राजसूय यज्ञ में उन्हें उपहार भेंट किए थे- 'कैराता दरदा: दार्वा: शूरावैयमकास्तथा औदुंबरादुर्वभागा: पारदा बाह्लिकै: सह' महाभारत, सभापर्व 52, 13.

दार्व देश का अभिज्ञान जम्मू (कश्मीर) के 'डुग्गर' के इलाके से किया गया है। डुग्गर प्राचीन काल से ही डोगरा राजपूतों का मूल स्थान रहा है। सम्भवत: डुग्गर, दार्व का अपभ्रंश हो सकता है।

जाट इतिहास

ठाकुर देशराज[11] ने महाभारत कालीन प्रजातंत्री समूहों का उल्लेख किया है जिनका निशान इस समय जाटों में पाया जाता है....दर्व लोगों का भी कृमि लोगों की भांति महाभारत में वर्णन है। आजकल वे दावर और दारावार कहलाते हैं।

ठाकुर देशराज[12] ने लिखा है....‘मथुरा मेमायर्स’ के लेखक ग्राउस साहब ने नव लोगों का वर्णन करते हुये लिखा है कि उशीनर की पांच रानियां थीं - 1. नृगा 2. कृमि 3. नवा 4. दर्व 5. दृषद्वती। इनके एक-एक पुत्र हुआ। उनके नाम नृग, कृमि, नव, सुव्रत और शिवि थे। इनमें से नव ने नवराष्ट्र पर राज किया। कृमि ने कुमिल्लापुरी और शिवि ने, जो कि ऋग्वेद की एक ऋचा का लेखक कहा जाता है, शिवव्यास पर राज किया और नृग ने यौधेयों पर राज किया ।

In Mahabharata

Darva (दर्व) is mentioned in Mahabharata (II.24.17),(II.48.12), (III.174.12),(VI.10.53),(VIII.51.18),

Sabha Parva, Mahabharata/Book II Chapter 24 mentions them in the list of tribes Arjuna subjugated in verse (II.24.17). [13] ....That bull of the Kshatriya race then defeated the brave Kshatriyas of Kashmira and also king Lohita along with ten minor chiefs. Then the Trigartas, the Darvas, the Kokonadas, and various other Kshatriyas...

Sabha Parva, Mahabharata/Book II Chapter 48 describes Kings who presented tributes to Yudhishthira. Darva is mentioned in verse (II.48.12). [14]

Vana Parva, Mahabharata/Book III Chapter 174 mentions about journey of Pandavas who crossed the country of Darvas to reach Kingdom of Suvahu in verse (III.174.12).[15] ....:Then all those warriors having in due course happily lived at Badari for one month, proceeded towards the realm of Suvahu, king of the Kiratas, by following the same track by which they had come. And crossing the difficult Himalayan regions, and the countries of China, Tukharas, Daradas, Darvas and all the climes of Kulindas, rich in heaps of jewels, those warlike men reached the capital of Suvahu.

Bhisma Parva, Mahabharata/Book VI Chapter 10 describes many hilly tribes, and many tribes residing on lands laying at the foot of the hills. Darvika and Darva are mentioned in shloka (VI.10.53). [16]

Karna Parva/Mahabharata Book VIII Chapter 51 describes terrible massacre and warriors who were killed on seventeenth day of War. Darva are mentioned in shloka (VIII.51.18). [17]

In Rajatarangini

Rajatarangini[18] mentions .... The queen Ratnadevi set up a religious school named Vaikuntha and mathas and other edifices, and with her own money made arrangements for their permanent maintenance.

At Ratnapura, a town of great value, and which had many gates, the spotless religions school was the receptacle of virtue, and looked like a large cage for a swan. Mahadeva graced by his presence her white washed houses, like a white light, to destroy the transient state of man's existence. When she built sheds for cows, Shuravarmma and the other builders were reckoned as cows. There [at Ratnapura] adorned with cowsheds, where the kine roamed unrestricted, and which was washed by the waves of the Vitasta, she parted with her diseased body (died), At Nandikshetra she had raised religious schools, and in the principal places of the Yavanas she had built delightful mathas. In Dārvvā she built a town like the city of Indra, and named it after her name. It contained a beautiful and grand house befitting a king. The queen who was kind towards her dependants built various monuments consecrated to the memory of the great, the honored and the principal men who were dead.

The world held such jewels of women who were its ornaments. (p.217-218)

References

  1. ↑ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihas (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, p. 250
  2. ↑ Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter III ,p.192
  3. ↑ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihas (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998 p.255
  4. ↑ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihas (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998 p.256
  5. ↑ Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihas (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998 pp.257,259
  6. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.505
  7. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.510
  8. ↑ V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p.425
  9. ↑ Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions/Tribes,pp.171-172
  10. ↑ Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.432
  11. ↑ Jat History Thakur Deshraj/Chapter V,p.139
  12. ↑ Jat Itihas (Utpatti Aur Gaurav Khand)/Pancham Parichhed,p.106-110
  13. ↑ ततस तरिगर्तान कौन्तेयॊ दार्वान कॊक नथाश च ये, कषत्रिया बहवॊ राजन्न उपावर्तन्त सर्वशः (II.24.17)
  14. ↑ कायव्या दरदा दार्वाः शूरा वैयमकास तदा, औदुम्बरा दुर्विभागाः पारदा बाह्लिकैः सह (II.48.12)
  15. ↑ विहृत्य मासं सुखिनॊ बथर्यां; किरात राज्ञॊ विषयं सुबाहॊः, चीनांस तुखारान दरदान सदार्वान; थेशान कुणिन्थस्य च भूरि रत्नान (III.174.12)
  16. ↑ दर्वीकाः सकचा दर्वा वातजाम रदॊरगाः, बहु वाद्याश च कौरव्य सुदामानः सुमल्लिकाः Mahabharata (VI.10.53)
  17. ↑ उग्राश च करूरकर्माणस तुखारा यवनाः खशाः, दार्वाभिसारा थरथाः शका रमठ तङ्गणाः Mahabharata (VIII.51.18)
  18. ↑ Kings of Kashmira Vol 2 (Rajatarangini of Kalhana)/Book VIII (i) ,pp.217-218

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