History of Origin of Some Clans in India/Jat From Jutland/Co-operation

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History of Origin of Some Clans in India

(with special Reference to Jats)

By Mangal Sen Jindal (1992)

Publisher - Sarup & Sons, 4378/4B, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110002, ISBN 81-85431-08-6


The text of this chapter has been converted into Wiki format by Laxman Burdak

Chapter 1: Jat From Jutland


Co-operation

One can trace the origin of the theory of co-operation in the Jat tribe. There is thousand years old custom amongst Jat Cultivators, from whom others also have copied, that in sowing sugarcane, when more number of persons are required than available in the family, the other cultivators of the tribe on the occasion co-operate and lend their labour to him at his fields. Next day when the same crop is to be sown in other's field, the first, in exchange, works on


History of Origin of Some Clans in India:End of p.69


other's field and thus they co-operate with each other as regards labour. The same can also be observed in small farmers who cannot afford to maintain two bullocks necessary for a plough. They keep one each and at the time of necessity lend his one bullock to the other and vice versa so that all processes of cultivation are completed without purchasing another bullock. Co-operation is very much manifest amongst them up to only thirty years back when Gud (गुड़) was manufactured indigenously through Kolowh (small cane crusher) and boiling pan. Since one farmer could not afford to install a Kolowh and boiling pan for his small yield and cane as such was not a marketable commodity at that time, five to ten farmers co-operated and installed one Kolowh for all. They then allocated working hours or days to each member to manufacture gud from his yield. Even they co-operated amongst themselves to lend their one bullock on the other owner of a single bullock because to work a Kolowh a pair of bullock is required. Further if a farmer is sick or otherwise busy and cannot utilize the allotted time, he requests another to work for him and when he feels free, he works for the other during his allotted time. This system is known as Dangwara (डंगवारा) in their language. The same system of co-operation is observed in harvesting the crop and making it fit to be taken to the market. Co-operation of capital (land) and labour is very frequent who possess large holdings where the landless laborer who has yielded crop on a Jat field gets a share in the crop. This co-operative system is also found in irrigating their fields with canal water. In fact this is prevalent in every activity of their life whenever need arises.