Jasnaul

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Author:Laxman Burdak, IFS (R)

Jasnaul (जसनौल) was the name Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh before the Muslim conquest.

Origin

Jasnaul was founded by chieftain named Jas of Bhar tribe. Later it was renamed Barabanki Muslim conquest.

Variants

Jat clans

History

The Barabanki district was known before the Muslim conquest as Jasnaul, from Jas, a raja of the Bhar tribe, who is said to have founded it before 1000 AD.

With a change of proprietors came a change of name. The Muslim owners divided the lands into twelve shares, over which the respective proprietors quarrelled so incessantly that they were called the Barah Banke, or twelve quarrelsome men. Banka, in Awadhi, meaning a bully or brave.

Parijaat tree a sacred baobab tree in the village of Kintoor on the banks of Ghaghra.[1] Located near the Kunteshwar Mahadeva temple (established by Kunti), the tree is said to grow from Kunti's ashes.[2] The tree is very old.[3]

Pre-history:

Greater part of Barabanki was included in Pachhimrath country (the territory between rivers Ghaghra and Gomti[4]), one of the five divisions of the kingdom of Rama.[5]

Before 1000 AD, Jas, a raja of the Bhar tribe is said to have founded the locality of Jasnaul which later, after the Muslim conquest of the region, came to be known as Bara Banki or Barabanki.[6]

After 1000 till 1525: The Muslims had made their first permanent settlement in this district at Satrikh, in 421 AH. / 1030 AD.[7]

Sihali, was conquered, and its sovereign, a Siharia Chhattri, was killed. Kintur was captured, and its Bhar queen, Kintama slain.[8]

The battle in which Bhar chief Sohil Deo (or Sohel Dal) of Sahet-Mahet a small northern kingdom (he was the conqueror of Sayyed Salar Masood) was subversed by Sri Chandradeo, the Rathor monarch of Kannauj was fought in Satrikh village of the district.[9]

In 1049 AD / 441 AH, the Kings of Kanauj and Manikpur were defeated and driven from Oudh by Qutub-ud-din of Medina. The Muslim invasion was more successful in Bara Banki than elsewhere. In 586 AH. / 1189 AD, Sihali was conquered by Shekh Nizam-ud-din of Herat, Ansari. Zaidpur was occupied by them in 636 AH, when Sayyad Abd-ul-Wahid turned out the Bhar, altering the name of the town from Suhalpur. The colony of Musalman Bhattis is reported to have arrived about the same time, although some place it as early as 596 AH. / 1199 AD. They came from Bhatnair or Bhattiana, in the Punjab and Rajputana and settled at Mawai Maholara.[10]

After 1350 AD Muslim immigrants started to settle in great number in the district until nearly to middle of eighteenth century.[10] At the Muslims first permanently settled in Oudh.The Garden of India; Or, Chapters on Oudh History and Affairs By Henry Crossley Irwin,

Rudauli was occupied about 700 AH, in the reign of Alla-ud-din Khilji, whose forces had just about the same time destroyed Anhalwara, Chittor, Deogir, Mandor, Jessulmere, Gagraun, Bundi, in fact nearly every remaining seat of Chhattri power. Rasulpur was conquered about 1350 AD / 756 AH. Daryabad was founded about 850 AH / 1444 AD, by Dariab Khan Subahdar. Fatehpur was colonized by Fateh Khan, a brother of Dariab Khan, and about the same time. The villages of Barauli and Barai, near Rudauli, were occupied, and gave their name to large estates about the middle of the fifteenth century.[11]

Simultaneously, however, with this latter immigration of the Muslims there was one of Chhattris. The mysterious tribe of Kalhans, which numbers some twenty thousand persons, are said to be descended from Achal Singh, who came in as a soldier of fortune with Dariab Khan about 1450 AD. Raja Achal Singh is a great name in the Middle Ages of Oudh; he had large property—some state that his capital was Bado Sarai, on the old bank of the Ghagra.[12]

At this time Ibrahim Shah Sharqi, reigned at Jaunpur. Oudh was the battle ground—the border land between Sharqis of Jaunpur and the Lodis of Delhi—and their princes, as the tide of conquest surged backwards and forwards. Dariab Khan settled Hindu soldiers as garrisons,—the war being now one between Muslims, and no longer one of religion. The Kalhans are said to have come from Gujarat, the same nursery of Chhattris from which the Ahban, the Pan war, the Gahlot, the Gaur, the Bais, and many other Oudh clans, are believed to have emigrated.[13]

The isolated Suryavanshi estate of Haraha and the Suryavanshi Bahrelia estate of Surajpur were established by small colonies of Chhattri soldiers, who had been dismissed from service about eighteen generations ago (in 1877).[14]

जसनौल

विजयेन्द्र कुमार माथुर[15] ने लेख किया है ...जसनौल = बाराबंकी (AS, p.360) - जसनौल को जस नाम के भर राजा ने 10वीं शती ई. में बसाया था.

External links

References

  1. Wickens, Gerald E.; Pat Lowe (2008). The Baobabs: Pachycauls of Africa, Madagascar and Australia. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-4020-6430-2.
  2. Kameshwar, G. (2006). Bend in the Sarayu: A Soota Chronicle. Rupa & Co. p. 159. ISBN 978-81-291-0942-2.
  3. Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bara Banki. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1993. p. 21. OCLC 7625267.
  4. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh; By Oudh, William Charles Benett. Books.google.com.
  5. The Garden of India; Or, Chapters on Oudh History and Affairs By Henry Crossley Irwin
  6. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  7. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  8. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  9. The Garden of India; Or, Chapters on Oudh History and Affairs By Henry Crossley Irwin
  10. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  11. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  12. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  13. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  14. Gazetteer of the province of Oudh
  15. Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.360