Mandsaur
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Mandsaur or Mandsaor (मन्दसौर/मंदसौर) is a city in the Malwa region and district of Madhya Pradesh state of central India. It is the monolith pillar at Mandsaur that testimonies the victory of Yasodharman, a Jat King of Malwa
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Origin of name
The name Mandsaur evolved from Marhsaur, which originated from Marh and Saur (or Dasaur), two of the villages which merged in the town. The town was known as Dashpur in ancient times.
History
Mandsaur and its neighborhood are full of archaeological interest. An inscription discovered near the town indicated the erection of a temple of the sun in 437, and at Sondani are two great monolith pillars recording a victory of Yasodharman, a Jat King of Malwa, in 528.[1]
The Gupta empire had been weakened by the attacks of the Indo-Hephthalites, known in India as the Hunas, towards the end of the 5th century, which caused it to break up into smaller states. Yasodharman defeated a Huna army in 528 and their ruler Mihirakula, which checked the Huna expansion in India. Twin monolithic pillars at Sondani in Mandsaur District were erected by Yasodharman as a record of his victory. [2][3]
Three inscriptions of Yasodharman have been found in Mandsaur. One of these is of samvat 589 (532 AD). Yasodharman had acquired the title of Vikramaditya. [4] He started the vikram samvat calendar of Hindus based on Lunar movements. The Kashmiri poet Kalhana has mentioned about three Kalidasas. The second Kalidasa, who wrote the books 'Raguvansha' and 'Jyotirvidabharan', was court poet of Yasodharman. Kalidasa has mentioned the victories of Yasodharman as 'Raghu-digvijaya'. His rule extended from Himalayas in the north to Travancore in south. The ruler of Magadha had become his friend. Chinese traveler Faxian visited India during his rule. [5] The victory of Yasodharman is mentioned in the sentence “Ajay Jarto Hunan” in the grammar of Chandra of the fifth century. This mention in the phrase sentence अजय जर्टो हुणान or “Ajay Jarto Huṇān”, refers to the defeat of Huns by the Jats under the leadership of Yasodharman. [6]
Jat gotras in Mandsaur district
I thought to study the distribution pattern of Jat Gotras in the Mandsaur district in Madhya Pradesh. There are no ready records or studies as such. So I took the membership list of Jats of Mandsaur district from Veer Jat Parichayavali Published by Anand Prakashan, Ratlam (M.P.). It gives details of members’ names, addresses, place of origin, gotra and phone numbers of Jat families living in Mandsaur district.
The two attributes Jat gotra and place of origin were brought on excel file, tabulated and shorted out. There is an interesting result which gives which jat gotra is from which village. This table is available with me and if any member is interested it can be uploaded. The following table is an abstract of the detailed table that gives population of each gotra as a number out of total jat families (1406) in the directory arranged in alphabetical order.
The Veer Jat Parichayavali[7] gives details of 1406 Jat families who are members. They are from 186 gotras. The figure after gotra is the count out of 1406 from which we can roughly assess comparative population of that gotra in the district. Here is the list:
List of Jat Gotras
Akodia- 31 Atri- 1 Badiyar- 3 Badwar- 1 Bajdolya- 4 Bajiya- 9 Baliyan- 3 Bamar-2 Bamboria- 4 Banganwa- 33 Bara- 1 Barak- 4 Bargoti- 1 Barwar- 20 Baswan- 2 Beniwal-1 Bhabharia- 2 Bhadara-41 Bhakal- 1 Bhakar- 31 Bhamu- 6 Bhariyan- 1 Bharwania- 14 Bharwaria- 25 Bhatu- 1 Bhenwar-1 Bhodiyan- 11 Bhuwada-10 Bohra- 10 Budia- 5 Chari- 4 Chhidar- 4 Chityan- 1 Choyal- 42 Chudiwar- 1 Dabla- 8 Dagoliya- 4 Dania- 18 Daraiya- 2 Dargotiya- 1 Darodiya- 1 Darotha- 3 Daroya- 101 Deru- 1 Dhamal-1 Dhandu- 12 Dhuniwar- 4 Didel- 1 Dogiwar-9 Dookya-17 Dudi- 11 Fagania-3 Gandhas-1 Garhwal- 1 Garona- 2 Garwal- 6 Garwar- 2 Gatara- 2 Gauria- 5 Ghasal- 12 Ghatak- 1 Gherwan-1 Ghet- 8 Godara- 78 Gorya- 4 Gugar- 3 Gulia- 1 Gunela- 4 Gunia- 1 Guwar- 2 Guwarwa- 5 Haran- 1 Hidar- 16 Hiyak- 6 Huran- 11 Jajra- 38 Jajunda- 3 Jakhar- 21 Jandu- 1 Jangu- 9 Jani- 2 Janjar-1 Jarawata- 20 Jhajhra- 8 Jhodiyan- 1 Jijwaria- 19 Jolaphiya-1 Kadhiyan- 17 Kadwa- 2 Kairapa- 1 Kajaria- 1 Kamar- 1 Kantiya- 2 Kariwal- 1 Kariwar- 1 Karwanya- 33 Karwar- 1 Kaswan- 4 Kasya- 1 Kedia- 5 Keet- 1 Kewda- 1 Khirwar- 1 Khutela- 1 Kudna- 8 Kundana- 4 Lana- 16 Langar- 2 Lathi- 3 Lathiyar- 1 Lopa- 1 Maan- 1 Mailau- 1 Mamar- 1 Mana- 1 Manju- 25 Melyan- 14 Mohla- 15 Mola- 16 Nadral- 2 Nahal- 3 Nain- 10 Nardaniya- 2 Narwar- 1 Naswaria- 1 Natwar- 3 Nawad- 38 Nehra- 4 Nudia- 1 Panwar- 1 Parauda- 2 Paraya- 29 Pareriya- 4 Paroda- 1 Parodiya- 1 Parswal- 4 Payal- 1 Poras- 5 Punia- 66 Pur- 1 Radera- 1 Radhera- 10 Rajaure- 9 Rajoriya- 1 Randera- 3 Ranwa- 1 Rawat- 1 Riyar- 4 Saperia- 7 Saran- 11 Saurag- 1 Sewara- 1 Sidar- 15 Sihak- 11 Sihor- 1 Siwach- 1 Siyal- 4 Sogal- 1 Somatiya- 3 Soran- 1 Soron- 1 Sorwan- 1 Suran- 1 Takar- 40 Takha- 1 Talan- 1 Teganiya- 1 Tewatia- 2 Thagaon- 1 Tharauda-10 Thodiyan- 3 Thori- 1 Thuniwar- 10 Thuriyar- 1 Titar- 5 Togra- 1 Tomar- 5 Toshniwal- 4 Vanshvad- 3 Vara- 4 Vijay- 1 Visadi- 1 Vyaniwar- 1 Wadiyar- 4 Warodia- 1 Waswana- 27 Tatal -1406
Biggest Jat Gotras
The biggest Jat Gotras in the district are as under in the increasing order with numbers of families out 1406 as under: 18 Dania, 19 Jijwaria, 20 Barwar, 20 Jarawata 21 Jakhar, 25 Bharwaria, 25 Manju, 27 Waswana, 29 Paraya, 31 Akodia, 31 Bhakar, 33 Banganwa, 33 Karwanya, 38 Jajra, 38 Nawad, 40 Takar, 41 Bhadara, 42 Choyal, 66 Punia, 78 Godara, 101 Daroya,
Some conclusions
- 76 Gotras are with only one count which indicates that these gotras are due to women marrying from out side far off places or some relatives get settled in these villages from far off places.
- The largest Gotra Daroya is found in this area only and not in north India.
- Many gotras are common with those of Rajasthan indicates there migration from Rajasthan over a very long period as the number of families have vast difference of population.
- Some gotras have influence of Gujarati language as Siyak becomes Hiyak. Gotras Sidar and Hidar also seem to be same but difference due to language.
- Many Gotras seem to be specific to this area only such as Daroya, Bhadara, Nawad, Bhuwada, Bohra, Radhera, Tharauda, Thuniwar, Bhodiyan, Huran, Bharwania, Melyan, Mohla, Sidar, Hidar, Lana, Mola, Kadhiyan, Dania, Jijwaria, Barwar, Jarawata, Bharwaria, Waswana, Paraya, Akodia, Banganwa, Karwanya,
Jat Gotras in Mandsaur city
Atri, Bajiya, Baliyan, Bara, Bargoti, Baswan, Bhabharia, Dabla, Daniya, Gugar, Gulia, Jajunda, Kairapa, Lana, Nain, Nehra, Panwar, Parswal, Poras, Rawat, Takhar, Talan, Thori, Tomar,
Jat villages in Mandsaur district
• Afjalpur, • Badari, • Bahi Parshwanath, • Betikheri, • Bhilyakheri, • Bugalia (Gujarda), • Changli (Malhargarh), • Dalauda, • Dilawara, • Ghatawda, • Gujarada, • Haidara Mata, • Handari, • Jaggakheri, • Kacharia Jat, • Khanderia Kachar, • Kuchraud, • Laduna, • Malhargarh, • Molyakheri, • Narayangarh (Malhargarh), • Nataram, • Pipalia Karadia, • Pipalkhunta, • Pityakheri, • Rajnagar (Sitamau), • Ralayta, • Ralayta (Multanpura), • Ranayra, • Sitamau, • Thauri,
Reference
- ↑ Mandasor Pillar Inscription of Yashodharman
- ↑ Fleet, John F. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum: Inscriptions of the Early Guptas. Vol. III. Calcutta: Government of India, Central Publications Branch, 1888, 147-148
- ↑ Mandasor Pillar Inscription of Yashodharman
- ↑ Kalhana: Rajatarangini
- ↑ Thakur Deshraj: Jat Itihas (Hindi), Maharaja Suraj Mal Smarak Shiksha Sansthan, Delhi, 1934, 2nd edition 1992 (Page 712)
- ↑ CV Vaidya, History of Medieval Hindu India
- ↑ Veer Jat Parichayavali Published by Anand Prakashan, Ratlam (M.P.)
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